祖先留下的遗产:摩梭达巴经中蕴藏的文化观念与象征隐喻  

Heritage left by ancestors:cultural concepts and symbolic metaphors contained in mosuo daba Sutra

作　　者：许瑞娟[1] Xuruijuan(Yunnan Minzu University,Yunnan 650504)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学,云南昆明650504

出　　处：《内蒙古艺术学院学报》2022年第2期89-98,共10页Journal of Inner Mongolia Arts University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“泸沽湖周边多民族地区藏传佛教传播史研究”(批准号:17XMZ059)的系列研究论文;中国博士后科学基金第61批面上资助项目(资助编号:2017M613284XB)阶段性成果;云南省高层次人才“青年拔尖人才”资助

摘　　要：摩梭人宇宙观和人观深层文化的表述多体现在达巴教的口诵经中。达巴经内容丰富、内涵深厚,涉及摩梭人的历史文化、天文地理、社会经济、文学艺术等各个方面,达巴经里所记述的有关摩梭人的历史渊源、族称族属、战争冲突、迁徙送魂、礼仪规约是摩梭文化的源头和根基,所宣扬的敬畏自然、尊母崇舅、不忘祖恩、团结和谐、宽厚包容、趋吉禳灾理念无不体现了摩梭人的生活信仰、地方性知识以及观念意识。通过跨文化的比较发现,达巴教与喜马拉雅地区传统宗教有许多共同之处,包含着地方性与超地方性的内容,承载与传递着摩梭传统文化与伦理观念的时代讯息,形塑与建构着族群认同与历史心性的文化边界,是摩梭人重要的文化遗产,也是中华优秀传统文化的“共有精神遗产”。The expression of the deep culture of Mosuo people’s view of the universe and personhood is mostly reflected in the chanting of Daba Sutra.The Daba Sutra is rich in content and profound in connotation,involving the history and culture,astronomy and geography,social economy,literature and art of Mosuo people.The historical origin,ethnicity,war conflict,migration and soul sending,etiquette and regulations of Mosuo people described in the Daba Sutra are the source and foundation of Mosuo culture.It preaches the principles of respecting nature,respecting mother and uncle,never forgetting ancestral grace The concepts of unity and harmony,generosity and tolerance,good luck and disaster relief all reflect the life beliefs,local knowledge and concept consciousness of Mosuo people.Through cross-cultural comparison,it is found that Daba religion has much in common with the traditional religious ritual style of the Himalayas,including local and super local contents.It carries and transmits the time message of Mosuo traditional culture and ethical concepts,shapes and constructs the cultural boundary of ethnic identity and historical mentality.It is not only an important cultural heritage of Mosuo people,but also the "common spiritual heritage" of Chinese excellent traditional culture.

关 键 词：摩梭人 达巴经 文化观念 象征隐喻 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]