基于多相耦合的钢制双层LNG储罐外爆响应特性分析  

Analysis of explosion response features of steel double-layer LNG tank based on multiphase coupling

作　　者：丁宇奇[1] 谢清 芦烨 杨明 张佳贺[1] 赵砚峰 DING Yuqi;XIE Qing;LU Ye;YANG Ming;ZHANG Jiahe;ZHAO Yanfeng(College of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学机械科学与工程学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《压力容器》2022年第6期28-39,共12页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51604080);黑龙江省博士后科研启动基金项目(LBH-Q20082)。

摘　　要：以钢制双层LNG储罐为研究对象,考虑外罐、保冷材料与内罐之间的载荷传递和罐内流体对外爆载荷的作用,建立了一个探究保冷材料的不同状态和不同液位因素的空气-储罐-罐内流体多相耦合有限元模型,开展爆炸冲击波载荷计算以及储罐结构响应特性研究。计算结果表明,完整状态的保冷材料对爆炸冲击波形成了极大阻力,保冷材料从完整至破碎过程中,爆炸反射压力逐渐降低,外罐和内罐变形增大甚至会发生破坏;半罐和满罐时,内罐达到压力峰值时间都比空罐延迟,且峰值都比空罐有所降低,液位的存在使内、外罐抵抗爆炸冲击波能力提高。算例表明,保冷材料完整时,内、外罐受到爆炸压力的影响较小;保冷材料完全破碎时,外罐出现了破口,内罐的变形达到了1490 mm,随后开始出现破口;半罐和满罐时,外罐对爆炸冲击波抵抗能力都比空罐时提高了至少一倍,内罐对爆炸冲击波抵抗能力比空罐时分别提高了20%和85%左右。研究结果可为钢制双层LNG储罐在外爆载荷作用下的响应分析提供理论参考。With the steel double-layer LNG tank as the study object and considering the load transfer between outer tank,cold insulation material and inner tank and the effect of fluid in tank on explosion load,a multiphase coupling finite element model of air-tank-fluid in tank was built to explore different states of the cold insulation material and liquid level factors,and the load calculation of explosion wave and the structure response features of tank were studied.The calculation results show the whole cold insulation material forms a great drag to the explosion wave.In the process of cold insulation material from whole to broken,the explosion reflex pressure gradually reduces,the deformation of outer tank and inner tank increases,and even damage occurs;The time for the inner tank to reach the pressure peak under half tank and full tank is later than that under the empty tank,and the peak value is lower than that under the empty tank.The presence of liquid level improves the ability of the inner and outer tanks to resist explosion wave.The case shows that when the cold insulation material is whole,the tanks are less affected by the explosion pressure;When the cold insulation material is full broken,a break appears on the outer tank,the deformation of the inner tank reaches 1490 mm,then the break appears;The resistance of the outer tank to explosion wave under half tank and full tank is at least twice that under empty tank,and the resistance of the inner tank to explosion wave is about 20%and 85%higher than that under empty tank,respectively.The study results provide a reference for the response analysis of steel double-layer LNG tank under explosion load.

关 键 词：钢制双层LNG储罐 外爆载荷 多相耦合 保冷材料 结构响应 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TQ053.2[化学工程] O347.1[理学—固体力学]