A global review of the ecological significance of symbiotic associations between birds and fungi  

作　　者：Todd F.Elliott Michelle A.Jusino James M.Trappe Heino Lepp Guy-Anthony Ballard Jeremy J.Bruhl Karl Vernes 

机构地区：[1]Ecosystem Management,School of Environmental and Rural Science,University of New England,Armidale,NSW 2351,Australia [2]Department of Plant Pathology,University of Florida,Gainesville,FL 32611,USA [3]Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society,Oregon State University,Corvallis,OR 97331,USA [4]Forestry Sciences Laboratory,Pacific Northwest Research Station,U.S.Forest Service,Corvallis,OR 97331,USA [5]Honorary Scientific Associate,Australian National Botanic Gardens,Canberra,ACT,Australia [6]School of Environmental and Rural Sciences,University of New England,Armidale,NSW 2351,Australia [7]Vertebrate Pest Research Unit,Biosecurity NSW,NSW Department of Primary Industries,University of New England,PO Box U86,Armidale 2351,NSW,Australia [8]Botany,School of Environmental and Rural Science,University of New England,Armidale,NSW 2351,Australia

出　　处：《Fungal Diversity》2019年第5期161-194,共34页真菌多样性（英文）

摘　　要：Symbiotic associations between mammals and fungi have been well documented and are widely regarded as vital to ecosystem functions around the world.Symbioses between birds and fungi are also ecologically vital but have been far less thoroughly studied.This manuscript is the first to review a wide range of symbiotic associations between birds and fungi.We compile the largest list to date of bird species reported to eat fungi(54 bird species in 27 families)and follow up with a discussion of these symbioses and suggestions for how future studies can determine the prevalence of associations between birds and fungi.We review the importance of fungi for cavity-excavating birds and show that at least 30 bird species in three families form varying levels of associations with fungi for cavity excavation.We also review the use of fungal rhizomorphs in nest construction and show that 176 bird species in 37 families use fungal material in their nests.All of these interactions have wide-reaching ecosystem implications,particularly in regard to fungal dispersal and biogeography,plant health,ecosystem function,bird nutrition/fitness and bird behaviour.

关 键 词：MYCORRHIZAE Fungal dispersal Ornithomycological associations Bird nutrition Mycophagy Rhizomorphs Cavity-nesting Tree hollows 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]