The numbers of fungi:are the most speciose genera truly diverse?  

作　　者：Chitrabhanu S.Bhunjun Tuula Niskanen Nakarin Suwannarach Nopparat Wannathes Yi-Jyun Chen Eric H.C.McKenzie Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Bart Buyck Chang-Lin Zhao Yu-Guang Fan Jing-Yi Zhang Asha J.Dissanayake Diana S.Marasinghe Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Jaturong Kumla Mahajabeen Padamsee Ya-Ya Chen Kare Liimatainen Joseph F.Ammirati Chayanard Phukhamsakda Jian-Kui Liu Wiphawanee Phonrob Émile Randrianjohany Sinang Hongsanan Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon Digvijayini Bundhun Surapong Khuna Wen-Jie Yu Lun-Sha Deng Yong-Zhong Lu Kevin D.Hyde Saisamorn Lumyong 

机构地区：[1]Center of Excellence in Fungal Research,Mae Fah Luang University,Chiang Rai 57100,Thailand [2]School of Science,Mae Fah Luang University,Chiang Rai 57100,Thailand [3]Jodrell Laboratory,Royal Botanic Gardens,Kew,Surrey TW93AB,UK [4]Department of Biology,Faculty of Science,Chiang Mai University,Chiang Mai 50200,Thailand [5]Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization,Chiang Mai University,Chiang Mai 50200,Thailand [6]Microbiology Program,Faculty of Science and Technology,Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University,Phitsanulok 65000,Thailand [7]Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research,Private Mail Bag 92170,Auckland,New Zealand [8]School of Life Science and Technology,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,People’s Republic of China [9]Institut de Systématique,Evolution,Biodiversité(ISYEB),Muséum National d’Histoire naturelle,CNRS,Sorbonne Université,EPHE,Universitédes Antilles,57 rue Cuvier,CP 39,75231 Paris cedex 05,France [10]College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,People’s Republic of China [11]Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education,Tropical Environment and Health Laboratory,College of Pharmacy,Hainan Medical University,Haikou 571199,People’s Republic of China [12]Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,People’s Republic of China [13]Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,People’s Republic of China [14]School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Guizhou Institute of Technology,Guiyang 550003,People’s Republic of China [15]Centre National de Recherche sur l’Environnement(CNRE),BP 1739,Laboratoire de Microbiologie de l’Environnement(LME),Antananarivo,Madagascar [16]Department of Biology,University of Washington,Box 351800,Seattle,WA 98195-1800,USA [17]College of Plant Protection,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,Jilin,People’s Republic o

出　　处：《Fungal Diversity》2022年第3期387-462,共76页真菌多样性（英文）

基　　金：funded by the Thailand Research Fund,grant RDG6130001,titled“Impact of climate change on fungal diversity and biogeography in the Greater Mekong Subregion”.

摘　　要：Fungi play vital roles in ecosystems as endophytes,pathogens and saprobes.The current estimate of fungal diversity is highly uncertain,ranging from 1.5 to 12 million,but only around 150,000 species have been named and classified to date.Since the introduction of DNA based methods for species identification,the number of newly described taxa has increased from approximately 1000 to around 2000 yearly.This demonstrates the importance of DNA based methods to identify and distin-guish species,especially cryptic species.Many novel species from recent studies have been found in historically understudied regions and habitats,but these still represent only a small percentage of the estimated species.In this paper,we examine 16 genera from the top 40 most speciose genera as listed in Species Fungorum as case studies to examine the diversity of taxa in each genus.The genera treated herein are Cercospora,Diaporthe,Meliola,Passalora,Phyllachora,Phyllosticta,Pseudocer-cospora,Ramularia(ascomycetes)and Cortinarius,Entoloma,Inocybe,Marasmius,Psathyrella,Puccinia,Russula,Uromyces(basidiomycetes).We critically evaluate the number of species in these genera and correlate these numbers with the number of entries in GenBank.We introduce 18 new species Apiospora multiloculata,Candolleomyces thailandensis,Cortinarius acutoproximus,Cortinarius melleoalbus,Cortinarius pacificus,Cortinarius parvoacetosus,Diaporthe guizhouensis,Entoloma pseudosubcorvinum,Inocybe meirensongia,Marasmius albulus,Marasmius obscuroaurantiacus,Meliola camporesii,Phyl-lachora siamensis,Phyllosticta doitungensis,Picipes yuxiensis,Pseudocercospora vignae,Puccinia maureanui and Russula inornata.We also introduce a new record of Candolleomyces cladii-marisci and Inocybe iringolkavensis.We discuss the genera Colletotrichum and Pleurotus that are speciose,but do not occur in the top 40.We hypothesize whether there might be more species in these genera and discuss why these genera have some of the largest number of species.

关 键 词：18 new taxa ASCOMYCOTA BASIDIOMYCOTA Fungal diversity HOST-SPECIFICITY Taxonomy 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]