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作 者:谭博军 段秉蕙 任家桐 卢先明[1] 莫洪昌[1] 刘宁[1] TAN Bo-jun;DUAN Bing-hui;REN Jia-tong;LU Xian-ming;MO Hong-chang;LIU Ning(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China)
出 处:《含能材料》2022年第8期833-852,共20页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials
基 金:国家自然科学基金资助(22105156,22175139)~~。
摘 要:含能燃速催化剂是近年来固体推进剂领域的热点研究方向。本文从单金属有机框架型、双金属基多功能型、分子负载型和其他新型催化剂等4个方面分类综述了含能燃速催化剂在固体推进剂领域的应用研究进展及发展趋势,指出单金属有机框架型燃速催化剂催化效果较为单一,与其他金属盐复配使用的催化效果更好;双金属基多功能型燃速催化剂催化性能优良,具有潜在的应用前景;分子负载型燃速催化剂尚处于初步探索阶段,其制备和应用成为燃速催化剂的发展方向之一;其他新型含能燃速催化剂还需加强应用研究。提出绿色环保化、高能低感化、纳米化和多功能复合化等是今后研究的重点方向:含重金属的燃速催化剂会对环境造成不利影响,发展绿色环保的燃速催化剂已成为必然趋势;赋予燃速催化剂一定的能量特性可减少对推进剂的能量损失,高能低感化已成为燃速催化剂发展的重要方向;含能燃速催化剂纳米化一直是有效提升催化剂催化活性的有效途径;具备多重功效的燃速催化剂是未来的发展趋势。Energetic burning rate catalyst is a hot research direction in the field of solid propellant in recent years. The application research progress and development trend of energetic combustion-rate catalysts in solid propellants were reviewed from the following four categories:monometal-organic framework type,bimetal based multi-functional type,molecular supported type and other types. It was pointed out that the catalytic effect of mono-metal-organic frame type burning rate catalyst is relatively simple,and the catalytic effect is better when combined with other metal salts. Bimetal based multi-functional combustion rate catalysts have excellant catalytic performance and potential application prospects. Molecular supported burn rate catalysts are still in the preliminary exploration stage,and their preparation and application have become one of the development directions of burning rate catalysts. The application of other new energetic burning rate catalysts should be strengthened. Finally,the main research directions in the future were suggested as following:green and environmental protection,high energy and low sensitivity,and nano and multi-functional composite. Burning rate catalysts containing heavy metals will have adverse effects on the environment,and the development of green and environmental protection burning rate catalysts has become an inevitable trend. The energy loss of propellant can be reduced by giving certain energy characteristics to burning rate catalysts. High energy and low sensitivity have become an important direction of burning rate catalysts. Nanocrystallization of energetic burning rate catalysts is always an effective way to improve the catalytic activity of catalysts. Burning rate catalysts with multiple functions will be the development trend in the future.
分 类 号:TJ763[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] O62[理学—有机化学]
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