巴迪可降解膜和芽接质量对橡胶树嫁接苗成活率及苗木生长的影响  

Effects of Badi Degradable Film and Bud Grafting Quality on Budding Survival Rate and Growth of Rubber Seedlings

作　　者：陈青[1] 周珺[1] 王新龙[1] 王新燕 黄坚 王军[1] CHEN Qing;ZHOU Jun;WANG Xinlong;WANG Xinyan;HUANG Jian;WANG Jun(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2022年第6期51-57,共7页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-33-YZ4)。

摘　　要：【目的】随着海南省“禁塑令”的实行,橡胶树芽接苗的传统塑料芽接绑带不可再使用,在橡胶树芽接工作中亟需使用可降解材料作为芽接绑带。【方法】探讨不同芽接工使用巴迪可降解膜作为芽接绑带,比较传统塑料薄膜和巴迪降解膜对橡胶树籽苗芽接苗和小苗芽接苗的芽接成活率、抽芽率、接穗生长势的影响。【结果】在橡胶树籽苗芽接苗中使用传统绑带的芽接成活率为47.33%~70.70%、抽芽率为90.00%~99.53%,使用巴迪降解膜的芽接成活率为35.32%~57.00%、抽芽率为86.18%~92.56%,可见使用传统绑带的芽接成活率和抽芽率极显著高于巴迪降解膜。第1蓬叶中使用传统绑带的叶蓬距为19.24 cm、显著高于使用巴迪绑带(18.06 cm),其他指标无显著差异;第2蓬叶中,使用传统绑带的茎粗(4.62 mm)显著高于巴迪降解膜(4.09 mm),而使用巴迪降解膜的蓬距(11.27 cm)显著高于传统绑带(9.88 cm),其他接穗的生长指标无显著差异。在小苗芽接苗中,使用传统绑带的芽接成活率为92.70%~98.09%、抽芽率为93.64%~99.75%,使用巴迪降解膜的芽接成活率为73.33%~86.67%、抽芽率为92.50%~96.85%,可见使用传统绑带的芽接成活率极显著高于巴迪绑带,抽芽率均达到90%以上,接穗的生长指标均无显著差异。【结论】巴迪降解膜显著降低橡胶籽苗和小苗的芽接成活率,显著影响籽苗芽接苗的抽芽率和接穗的生长势,对小苗芽接苗接穗的生长势没有显著影响,芽接工的芽接技术也是影响芽接成活率的关键因素之一。巴迪可降解膜还不能广泛应用于籽苗芽接,可适当应用于橡胶树小苗芽接。【Objective】With the implementation of“plastic ban”in Hainan Province,the traditional plastic bandage of rubber tree bud grafting can no longer be used,and it is urgent to use degradable materials as bandage in the process of rubber tree bud grafting.【Method】With Badi degradable bandage grafted by different workers as budding bandage,the effects of traditional plastic bandage and Badi degradable bandage on the survival rate,sprouting rate and growth potential of mini-seedling buddings and young seedling buddings of rubber tree were compared.【Result】The survival rate of mini-seedling buddings with traditional bandage was 47.33%-70.70%and the sprouting rate was 90.00%-99.53%,while the survival rate of buddings with Badi degradable film was 35.32%-57.00%and the sprouting rate was 86.18%-92.56%,indicating that the survival rate and sprouting rate of buddings with the traditional bandage were significantly higher than those with Badi bandage.In the first leaf whorl,the leaf whorl distance with the traditional bandage(19.24 cm)was significantly higher than that with the Badi degradable film(18.06 cm),and there was no significant difference in other growth indexes.In the second leaf whorl,the stem diameter of traditional bandage(4.62 mm)was significantly higher than that of Badi degradable film(4.06 mm),while the whorl distance of Badi degradable f ilm(11.27 cm)was significantly higher than that of traditional bandage(9.88 cm),but there was no significant difference in the growth indexes of other scions.Among the young seedling buddings,the survival rate of traditional bandage treatment was 92.70%-98.09%and the sprouting rate was 93.64%-99.75%,while the survival rate of Badi degradable film treatment was 73.33%-86.67%and the sprouting rate was 92.50%-96.85%,indicating that the budding survival rate of the traditional bandage treatment was significantly higher than Badi bandage treatment,and the sprouting rates were above 90%,there was no significant difference in the growth indexes of scions.【Conclusion

关 键 词：橡胶树 籽苗芽接苗 小苗芽接苗 传统绑带 巴迪降解膜 生长势 

分 类 号：S723.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S794.105[农业科学—林学]