真空微弧推进系统试验及在轨测试  

Experimental study on vacuum micro-arc thruster and on-orbit test

作　　者：赵杨[1] 邓永锋[1] 魏建国[1] 方吉汉[1] 谷振宇 杨炜平 韩先伟[1] 谭畅[1] 周伟静 ZHAO Yang;DENG Yongfeng;WEI Jianguo;FANG Jihan;GU Zhenyu;YANG Weiping;HAN Xianwei;TAN Chang;ZHOU Weijing(Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Xi'an 710100,China;Beijing Qiansheng Technology Company,Beijing 100190,China;Space Engineering University,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航天动力研究所,陕西西安710100 [2]北京千乘科技有限公司,北京100190 [3]航天工程大学,北京100094

出　　处：《火箭推进》2022年第4期88-96,共9页Journal of Rocket Propulsion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11475131);航天科技集团钱学森青年创新基金项目。

摘　　要：目前全球微小卫星呈爆发式增长态势,市场潜力巨大,针对可应用于微小卫星的推进系统顺势成为了全球的研究热点。介绍了可应用于微小卫星的电推进系统——真空微弧推进系统,首先概述了真空微弧推进系统的参数及结构特点,对该推进系统的工作原理和系统组成进行了研究分析,采用无触发式点火技术及石墨涂层工艺成功将真空起弧功率降至10 W以内,利用磁场控制电弧旋转的技术使阴极实现均匀烧蚀,并研制探针对磁场控制电弧效果进行测试,利用扭摆式测量系统完成微牛级推力测量,获取不同频率(6~20 Hz)、不同起弧电流(50~80 A)工况下的推力变化趋势。目前,真空微弧推进系统工程样机已成功开展在轨验证并完成在轨的推力测试,同时详细阐述了样机在轨测试的方法及推力标定方法,该方法为“海创千乘”卫星平台首次提出,对后续卫星平台微推力标定具有重要的研究意义。The number of microsatellites shows an explosive growth with huge market potential,and the propulsion system of microsatellites has become a global research hotspot.This paper introduces a vacuum micro-arc propulsion system,which can be applied to micro satellites.Firstly,the parameters and structural characteristics of the vacuum micro-arc propulsion system were outlined.Secondly,the methods of triggerless discharge and uniform ablation were studied in detail,and the magnetic field was simulated and analyzed.Low-cost graphite coating process was used to reduce arc striking energy to less than 10 W.The trust test was completed by using torsional system and the thrust variation was obtained with the changing of frequency and current.Finally,the experimental research of the vacuum micro-arc propulsion system was studied in detail.At present,the vacuum arc propulsion system has successfully completed the on-orbit work and the thrust test.

关 键 词：微小卫星 真空微弧推进 磁场 在轨验证 推力测试 

分 类 号：V439[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]