论《诗经》特殊的比喻修辞  

On Special Figurative Rhetoric in The Book of Songs

作　　者：陶长军[1] 魏耕原[1] TAO Changjun;WEI Gengyuan(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2022年第7期49-56,共8页Journal of Shaoxing University

摘　　要：《诗经》的比喻异彩纷呈:就喻体的奇崛性而言,有以丑物喻美物的丑喻;就本体与喻体之间的关系而言,有从本体与喻体的不同处着眼而设喻的反喻和否喻;就比喻的不同方式而言,有舍表而求里的事理与物理比喻;就比喻的连用而言,又有连喻与对喻等不同的比喻形式。至于喻体,大都是从日常生活中撷取常见之物或事理,看似朴拙,却质而有味,天然有趣。这些形态多样的比喻闪动着异样的光彩,带有诗歌创始期的原创魅力,联想与类比的方式与后世诗歌相比,同异俱存,昭示了《诗经》时代审美观念无拘无束的开放性。There exist colorful metaphors in The Book of Songs:in terms of the singularity of metaphors,there are ugly metaphors where ugly things are used to describe beautiful things;as far as the relationship between the noumenon and object of metaphor is concerned,there appears anti-metaphor and non-metaphor which set up metaphor from the different points of noumenon and object of metaphor;as far as the different ways of metaphor are concerned,there are the logic and physical metaphors of giving up the facade and seeking the inside;when it comes to the continuous use of metaphor,there are different forms of metaphor,such as continuous metaphor and pairing metaphorical allusion.In general,metaphors mostly extract common things or principles from daily life.Seemly simple and clumsy,they are qualitative and appealing,natural and interesting.These diversified metaphors flash with different brilliance,with an original charm of the founding period of poetry.Compared with later poetry,the ways of association and analogy are both similar and different,which shows the unrestrained openness of the aesthetic concept in the era of The Book of Songs.

关 键 词：《诗经》 丑喻 反喻与否喻 事理与物理比喻 连喻与对喻 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]