林地覆盖对雷竹林土壤CO_(2)排放速率的影响  

Effects of forest land mulching on the soil CO_(2) emission rate of Phyllostachys violascens forests

作　　者：杨飞强 周泽敏[1] 申展 张林平 邱盛媛 陈豪 傅志强 唐林韬 黎祖尧[1,2] YANG Feiqiang;ZHOU Zemin;SHEN Zhan;ZHANG Linping;QIU Shengyuan;CHEN Hao;FU Zhiqiang;TANG Lintao;LI Zuyao(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国家林业和草原局鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省竹子种质资源与利用重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第6期75-84,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD04B01);江西省林业局林业科技创新专项([2019]02);江西省青年科学基金重点项目(20192ACBL21019)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索林地覆盖措施对土壤CO_(2)排放的影响,为减少竹林覆盖对环境的影响及探寻高效低碳覆盖措施提供参考。【方法】设计3种发热物质(新鲜鸡粪7.50 t·hm^(-2)、枯饼3.75 t·hm^(-2)、麦灰45.00 t·hm^(-2))、3种谷壳层厚度(15、25、35 cm)和3种覆盖前林地补水量水平(浇水至湿润土层10 cm、15 cm、20 cm),采用考虑交互作用的L_(27)(9^(13))正交试验设计进行雷竹林冬季覆盖试验,采用Li-8100A土壤碳通量自动测定系统定期测定土壤CO_(2)排放速率。【结果】雷竹林覆盖期(11月25日至3月16日)内土壤CO_(2)排放速率呈单峰型曲线动态变化,林地覆盖显著提高了土壤CO_(2)的排放速率和排放量。谷壳层厚度和覆盖前林地补水量对土壤CO_(2)的排放速率和排放量影响显著;谷壳层越厚,土壤CO_(2)排放速率越高,15、25和35 cm 3种谷壳层厚度之间土壤CO_(2)排放速率差异极显著;覆盖前林地补水至湿润土层10 cm时,土壤CO_(2)排放速率显著高于湿润土层15 cm和20 cm;发热物质主要影响土壤CO_(2)的排放动态,鸡粪作为发热物质时土壤CO_(2)排放峰值出现在第3周,且峰值较高,并在第10周又出现小幅上升,枯饼和麦灰作为发热物质的排放峰值出现在第5周。发热物质、谷壳层厚度和覆盖前林地补水量3个覆盖因子两两之间的交互作用对土壤CO_(2)的排放速率影响显著。【结论】雷竹林林地覆盖增加了土壤CO_(2)的排放量并改变了排放速率的动态变化规律,采用麦灰或枯饼作为发热物质,谷壳层厚度25 cm,覆盖前对林地补水至湿润土壤15 cm左右的林地覆盖模式,可以降低土壤CO_(2)的排放峰值和排放量。【Objective】This paper has explored the impact of forest land mulching measures on soil CO_(2) emissions,in order to provide references for reducing the impact of mulching bamboo forests on the environment and exploring high-efficiency and low-carbon mulching measures.【Method】3 kinds of heating substances(fresh chicken manure 7.50 t·hm^(-2),dry cake 3.75 t·hm^(-2),wheat ash 45.00 t·hm^(-2)),3 kinds of chaff layer thickness(15,25,35 cm)and 3 levels of water supplement before mulching(watering to moisten soil layer for 10,15,20 cm)were applied,and the L_(27)(9^(13))orthogonal experimental design considering the interaction was adopted to carry out the winter mulching experiment of Phyllostachys violascens forests,and the soil CO_(2) emission rate was regularly observed by Li-8100A soil CO_(2) flux automatic system during the mulching period.【Result】During the mulching period(from 25 November to 16 March),the CO_(2) emission rate showed a dynamic change in a unimodal curve.Soil mulching measures could significantly increase the rate and amount of soil CO_(2) emission.The chaff layer thickness and the amount of water supplement before mulching had significant impacts on the rate and amount of soil CO_(2) emission.The thicker the chaff layer,the higher the soil CO_(2) emission rate.The differences in soil CO_(2) emission rates of the 15,25 and 35 cm chaff layers were extremely significant.When water was applied to moisten the 10 cm soil layer before mulching,the soil CO_(2) emission rate was significantly higher than those of the 15 and 20 cm soil layer treatments.Heating substances mainly affected the dynamics of soil CO_(2) emission.When using chicken manure as the heating substance,the peak of soil CO_(2) emission appeared in the 3rd week,and the peak was high.After that,there was a slight increase in the 10th week,while the peak of CO_(2) emission of dry cake and wheat ash appeared in the 5th week.The interaction among the three factors,including heating substances,chaff layer thickness and the amoun

关 键 词：雷竹林 覆盖 土壤CO_(2) 排放速率 动态 

分 类 号：S795.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]