蒙脱土的有机改性及对聚氨酯力学性能和抗屈挠性能的影响  

Organic Modification of Montmorillonite and Its Effect on Mechanical Properties and Flexural Resistance of Polyurethane

作　　者：陈智兴 易玉华[1] CHEN Zhixing;YI Yuhua(College of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《塑料工业》2022年第7期64-68,156,共6页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(202102080477)。

摘　　要：采用一种阳离子水性聚氨酯(NWPU)对钠基蒙脱土(Na-MMT)进行插层改性获得有机蒙脱土(NWPU@MMT),通过原位聚合制备了不同NWPU@MMT添加量的PU复合材料。对NWPU与Na-MMT的化学组成、层间距及表面能进行了分析,结果表明NWPU与MMT层间钠离子进行了交换并插层到MMT片层间,引入的氨基甲酸酯基有利于蒙脱土与PU基体的界面结合。NWPU@MMT可提高PU弹性体的力学强度、耐热性能和韧性,最佳添加量为1.0%,此时拉伸强度和撕裂强度比纯PU分别提高了60.6%和22.4%,初始热降解温度T_(im)与软段最大失重温度T_(max,s)分别提高12.9℃和11.1℃,抗屈挠龟裂性能也大幅提升。A cationic waterborne polyurethane(NWPU)modifier was successfully intercalated into modified sodium montmorillonite(Na-MMT)to obtain polyurethane(PU)composites with different NWPU@MMT additions by in-situ polymerization.The chemical composition,interlayer spacing and surface energy of NWPU and Na-MMT were analyzed.The results show that the sodium ions between NWPU and MMT are exchanged and intercalated into MMT layers.The introduction of carbamate group is beneficial to the interface bonding between montmorillonite and PU matrix.NWPU@MMT could improve the mechanical strength,heat resistance and toughness of PU elastomer.The optimal addition amount is 1.0%.At this time,the tensile strength and tear strength increase 60.6% and 22.4% comparing with pure PU,respectively.The initial thermal degradation temperature T_(im) and the maximum weight loss temperature T_(max,s) of the soft segment increase by 12.9℃ and 11.1℃,respectively,and the flex cracking resistance is also greatly improved.

关 键 词：插层改性 蒙脱土 聚氨酯 复合材料 力学性能 抗屈挠性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]