某三厢轿车前排风噪问题的诊断与优化  

Diagnosis and optimization for the front-row wind noise problem of a sedan

作　　者：李星 徐锟涛 梁涛 屈少举 邓休 汪国民 LI Xing;XU Kuntao;LIANG Tao;QU Shaoju;DENG Xiu;WANG Guomin(Technical Center,Dongfeng Motor Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430058,China;Xiangyang Da An Automobile Test Center Co.,Ltd.,Xiangyang 441004,China)

机构地区：[1]东风汽车集团股份有限公司技术中心,武汉430058 [2]襄阳达安汽车检测中心有限公司,湖北襄阳441004

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2022年第7期36-45,共10页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

摘　　要：针对某三厢轿车在时速80 km/h以上时前排出现的“卟啦”风噪声问题,通过主观评价与客观测量,识别该噪声来源于前门外水切区域。结合外流场仿真及外水切断面结构分析,确定噪声类型为空腔噪声,由前门外水切区域横向气流与开口空腔的亥姆霍兹共振产生。通过对外后视镜局部造型优化并进行外流场仿真分析,发现外水切区域横向气流大小与外后视镜基座结构密切相关。针对外水切区域横向气流偏大及外水切断面空腔存在开口的问题,分别提出了基座尾部结构优化方案及外水切断面空腔封闭结构。通过实施以上优化方案,解决了前排“卟啦”风噪声问题;实测100 km/h匀速行驶时车内噪声语音清晰度提升4.6%,响度减小1.0 sone,车内风噪声品质得到明显改善。Aiming at the problem of“pula”wind noise in front row of a sedan above 80 km/h,a subjective evaluation and objective measurement of this issue is carried out under the driving conditions of slow acceleration and constant speed.The results confirm that the outer window slot seal of front door is the generation area of the wind noise.Based on the external flow field simulation and structural analysis of cross-section of the outer window slot seal,the type of wind noise is determined to cavity noise,which is generated by the Helmholtz resonance between the transverse airflow in the bottom area of front-door glass and the deep cavity with a small opening of the outer window slot seal.Through the external flow field simulation of the exterior rearview mirror for the local shape optimizations,the rear base structure of exterior rearview mirror is confirmed to be closely related to the transverse airflow in the bottom area of front-door glass.To solve the problems of transverse airflow in the bottom area of front-door glass and the small opening of the outer belt weatherstrip,the optimized structure of the mirror base and the closed structure of cross-section of the outer window slot seal are proposed.The problem of“pula”wind noise in front row is solved with two optimizations above.The sound quality of interior noise is significantly improved under the driving condition of constant speed at 100 km/h due to the speech articulation index improvement of 4.6%and the loudness reduction of 1.0 sone.

关 键 词：风噪 外后视镜 外水切 流场仿真 结构优化 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程] TB533.2[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]