成人气管支气管异物96例回顾性分析  

A retrospective analysis of 96 adult patients of tracheobronchial foreign bodies

作　　者：邓魏岚 陈波[1] 曾锤利 李长毅[3] DENG Weilan;CHEN Bo;ZENG Chuili;LI Changyi(Graduate School,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400010,China;Department of Respiratory Medicine,the People′s Hospital of Rongchang District,Chongqing 402460,China;Department of Respiratory Medicine,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400010,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学研究生处,重庆400010 [2]重庆市荣昌区人民医院呼吸内科,重庆402460 [3]重庆医科大学附属第二医院呼吸内科,重庆400010

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2022年第15期2552-2556,共5页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的探讨气管支气管异物(TFBs)的临床特点及分析引起远期并发症的影响因素。方法回顾性分析经支气管镜检查确诊的96例成人TFBs的诊治资料。结果96例患者,经支气管镜成功取出异物87例(90.63%);异物最常见的部位为右肺下叶基底段36例(37.50%);异物以植物多见,占54例(56.25%)。TFBs镜下表现:异物周围无肉芽组织增生36例(37.50%)、轻度肉芽增生25例(26.04%)、中度肉芽增生18例(18.75%)、重度肉芽增生17例(17.71%)。经支气管镜取出异物的87例患者中有15例(17.24%)出现永久性支气管扩张,相关性分析显示永久性支气管扩张与病程、肉芽组织增生程度相关。结论不同类型异物引起肉芽组织增生程度不同,骨类异物易导致严重肉芽组织增生。病程大于或等于1年、中度肉芽组织增生的TFBs患者,更可能发生永久性支气管扩张。Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of tracheobronchial foreign bodies(TFBs)and analyze the influencing factors of long-term complications.Methods The diagnosis and treatment data of 96 adult patients with TFBs diagnosed by bronchoscopy were retrospectively analyzed.Results In the 96 patients,foreign bodies of 87 cases(90.63%)were successfully removed by using bronchoscopy.The most common site of TFBs was the basal segment of lower lobe of right lung in 36 cases(37.50%).The foreign bodies were mostly plant,accounting for 54 cases(56.25%).The microscopic findings of bronchial foreign bodies were as follows:36 cases(37.50%)had no granulation tissue around the foreign body,25 cases(26.04%)had mild granulation tissue,18 cases(18.75%)had moderate granulation tissue,and 17 cases(17.71%)had severe granulation tissue.Fifteen(17.24%)of 87 patients removed by bronchoscopy developed permanent bronchiectasis.Correlation analysis showed that permanent bronchiectasis was related to the course of the disease and the degree of granulation tissue hyperplasia.Conclusion Different types of foreign bodies cause different degrees of granulation tissue hyperplasia,and bone foreign bodies can easily lead to severe granulation tissue hyperplasia.Patients with bronchial foreign bodies with a disease course of 1 year or longer and moderate granulation tissue hyperplasia are more likely to develop permanent bronchiectasis.

关 键 词：气管支气管异物 成人 支气管镜 诊断 治疗 预后 

分 类 号：R562.2[医药卫生—呼吸系统]