加拿大一枝黄花衍生炭对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能研究  

Adsorption performance of Cr(Ⅵ)by activated biochar derived from Solidago canadensis L.

作　　者：匡开月 刘畅[3] 俞志敏[2,4] 胡淑恒 邓呈逊[2,4] 刘晓薇[2,4] KUANG Kaiyue;LIU Chang;YU Zhimin;HU Shuheng;DENG Chengxun;LIU Xiaowei(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;School of Biological Food and Environment Engineering,Hefei University,Hefei 230601,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China;Anhui Province Biomass(Sino-German)International Joint Research Center,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230009 [2]合肥学院生物食品与环境学院,合肥230601 [3]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,芜湖241002 [4]安徽省生物质(中德)国际联合研究中心,合肥230601

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2022年第4期55-60,71,共7页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52070063);安徽省自然科学基金项目青年基金项目(1808085QD106);安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0827);安徽师范大学创新基金项目(2018XJJ106)。

摘　　要：以加拿大一枝黄花为碳源,采用活化-煅烧工艺制备出具有较高孔隙度和比表面积的生物炭材料,并用于吸附水中的Cr(Ⅵ),探究最优材料制备参数,以及吸附剂投加量、初始pH值、反应时间和温度对水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)吸附去除的影响。利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱分析(FTIR)、比表面积分析(BET)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对生物炭进行表征,证实改性后的生物炭材料具有丰富的官能基团及更高的孔隙度和比表面积。吸附实验结果表明:活化剂ZnCl_(2)和预炭化材料的质量比为31和煅烧温度700℃时,生物炭的吸附性能最优;pH 2时,生物炭吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)去除率最高;准二级吸附动力学模型和Langmuir等温线模型能更好地拟合吸附速率和吸附平衡过程,化学吸附过程主要控制反应速率,在318 K时最大吸附容量达32.6 mg/g。可见,加拿大一枝黄花衍生炭能够实现对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的有效去除,不仅在工业废水处理中具有潜在应用价值,也能够实现对入侵植物的有效控制利用。High porosity and big specific surface area of biochar derived from Solidago canadensis L.was prepared using the activation-calcining technology and was applied to adsorb Cr(Ⅵ)in water.The preparation parameters for the optimal adsorbent and the effects of adsorbent amount,initial pH,reaction time,and temperature on adsorption removal of Cr(Ⅵ)in aqueous solution were explored.The characterization results obtained by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),brunauer-emmett-teller(BET)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)confirmed that the modified biochar had more abundant functional groups,higher porosity,and bigger specific surface area,compared to the pristine biochar.The adsorption experiment results showed that the optimal adsorption performance of the modified biochar was obtained by the mass ratio of ZnCl_(2) to pre-carbonized biochar with 3:1 and the calcination temperature at 700℃.The highest removal efficiency of Cr(Ⅵ)was obtained at pH 2.The pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics model and the Langmuir adsorption isothermal model were more suitable to fit the adsorption kinetics and adsorption equilibrium process.The chemisorption process mainly controlled the reaction rate,and the maximum adsorption capacity reached 32.6 mg/g at 318 K.Thus,the biochar derived from Solidago canadensis L.can effectively remove Cr(Ⅵ)in water.It not only has potential application value in wastewater treatment,but also can realize the effective control and comprehensive utilization of the invasive plant.

关 键 词：加拿大一枝黄花 活性炭 ZnCl 2活化 六价铬 吸附 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ424[化学工程]