高质量发展视角下黄河流域景观资源可持续发展的立法研究  

The Legislation on the Landscape Sustainability of the Yellow River Basin in the Context of High-quality Development

作　　者：梁嘉铭 LIANG Jiaming(Law School,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学法学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《四川轻化工大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期53-67,共15页Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(13AFX016)。

摘　　要：全球化运动进一步促进现代保护运动的发展,使得文化多样性以及生态领域的环境保护和可持续发展被重新界定。两部佛罗伦萨宣言的颁布,使得针对景观资源这一概念的拓展外延逐渐形成共识。景观是由自然、文化以及人之间所产生的共生关系而形成,景观资源是指自然环境与民众生存发展相关联的各类要素构成的区域主体,在满足人们的审美游览需求的基础上,可以进行开发利用的自然资源,可进一步划分为自然景观资源和人文景观资源。自然景观资源可以理解为可能蕴含一定的人类参与,但是是非人力促成的景观资源。人文景观资源是指由历史而形成,和人社会性活动有较直接关系的风景。黄河流域作为华夏文明的重要发源地,是我国第二大河,途经9个省区。黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展是国家重大战略,其可持续发展水平直接关系到中华民族的伟大复兴。由于过去分段管理的僵化体制,特别是黄河流域所流经九大省区的发展水平、景观资源的种类及数量所存在的差距,致使地方立法割裂了各省区景观资源间的整体性,并由于缺乏综合性法规,使得黄河流域景观资源可持续发展长时间无法可依,与依法治国要求相背离。黄河流域景观资源立法保护面临着地方立法缺乏,总体质量较低;主体责任不明,立法协调机制缺失;黄河流域生态补偿机制建设不健全;社会力量参与有限等突出问题。在借鉴日本、美国、英国等域外立法经验的基础上,进一步明确保障流域景观资源可持续发展应当要构建完善的法规体系,设置权责明确的管理机构,并要重视民众的广泛参与。最后结合我国黄河流域景观资源现状,提出以下建议:提升地方立法能力,突出黄河流域各省区的独特优势;明确主体责任,建立健全区域协同立法机制;推进黄河流域生态补偿机制建设;扩大民众参与,�The globalization movement has further contributed to the development of the modern conservation movement, which has led to a redefinition of cultural diversity and the ecological domain of environmental protection and sustainable development. The promulgation of the two Florentine declarations has led to a consensus on the extension of the concept of landscape resources. Landscape resources refer to the regional subject composed of various elements related to the natural environment and people’s survival and development. On the basis of meeting people’s aesthetic sightseeing needs, the natural resources can be developed and utilized, which can be further divided into natural landscape resources and cultural landscape resources. Natural landscape resources can be understood as landscape resources that may contain a certain amount of human participation, but are not humanly contributed. Human landscape resources are landscapes formed by history and have a more direct relationship with human social activities. As an important birthplace of Chinese civilization, the Yellow River Basin is the second largest river in China, passing through nine provinces and regions. The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is a major national strategy, and its sustainable development level is directly related to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Due to the rigid system of segmented management in the past, especially the disparity in the development level, type and quantity of landscape resources in the nine provinces and regions where the Yellow River flows through, local legislation has cut the integrity of landscape resources in each province and region, and the lack of comprehensive regulations makes the sustainable development of landscape resources in the Yellow River basin impossible for a long time, which is contrary to the requirements of the rule of law.The legislation protection of the Yellow River Basin landscape resources is faced with the lack of local legislation,

关 键 词：高质量发展 黄河流域 生态环境立法 景观资源 可持续发展 域外经验 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] S759.92[政治法律—法学]