基于控制单元的小清河流域污染物允许排放量计算与分配  

Calculation and Allocation of Allowable Emission of Pollutants in Xiaoqing River Basin Based on Control Unit

作　　者：李欢桐 李正炎[1] 孙明东 王艳[2] Li Huantong;Li Zhengyan;Sun Mingdong;Wang Yan(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Institute of Water Ecology and Environment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing,10000 China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国环境科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100000

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第8期140-149,共10页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2018YFC1407601)资助。

摘　　要：为明确小清河流域污染物排放特征和最大污染负荷,基于“流域水系-行政区划”划分控制单元,本文选取COD、NH_(3)-N、TN和TP作为重点关注指标,对研究区域进行水质评价并核算控制单元污染负荷,在满足山东省流域水质考核标准及入海断面水质达标约束条件下,计算污染物允许排放量,利用等比例分配法进行污染物排放量分配。结果显示,小清河流域COD、NH_(3)-N、TN和TP最大允许排放量分别为79152、3958、13852和792 t/a。淄博市TN削减量共计1314 t/a;济南市TN削减量共计810.64 t/a;滨州市NH_(3)-N削减量共计11.63 t/a,TN削减量共计449.67 t/a,削减率为27.07%,COD、TP暂不需削减。建议通过完善城镇污水处理设施、加快推进规模化畜禽养殖污染防治等措施对NH_(3)-N、TN进行合理管控,以改善流域水环境质量。Xiaoqing River,as the channel of the Bohai Sea,is one of the important rivers entering Laizhou Bay.The pollutants transported to the Bohai sea every year make it difficult to fundamentally control and improve the water environment quality of Laizhou Bay.The water pollution of Xiaoqing River Basin itself is also a key factor affecting the social and economic development of surrounding areas.In order to clarify the pollutant emission characteristics and maximum pollution load of Xiaoqing River Basin,control units are divided based on"river system-administrative division",COD,NH_(3)-N,TN and TP are selected as key indicators to evaluate the water quality of the study area in 2018,and calculate the pollution load of 28 control units,Under the condition of meeting the water quality assessment standard of Shandong Province and the water quality standard of the sea section,the allowable discharge of Xiaoqing River Basin is calculated,and the equal proportion distribution method is used to allocate the pollutant discharge.The results show that the maximum allowable emissions of COD,NH_(3)-N,TN and TP in Xiaoqing River Basin are 79152,3958,13852 and 792 t/a respectively.The total reduction of TN in Zibo is 1314 t/a;The total TN reduction in Jinan is 810.64 t/a;The TN reduction in Binzhou is 449.67 t/a and the NH_(3)-N reduction is 11.63 t/a The overall COD and TP of the basin do not need to be reduced temporarily.It is suggested to reasonably control NH_(3)-N and TN by improving the urban sewage treatment facilities of each unit,accelerating the prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding pollution in the control unit,and strengthening the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution,so as to improve the water environment quality of the basin.

关 键 词：小清河流域 水质评价 允许排放量 污染负荷分配 排污量削减 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]