红色旅游发展中的央地关系研究——兼与Zhao&Timothy商榷  

Relationship between Central and Local Governments in Developing Red Tourism:Addressing Zhao and Timothy

作　　者：左冰[1] ZUO Bing(School of Tourism Management,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学旅游学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2022年第7期38-53,共16页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：中共广东省委宣传部项目“活化利用红色资源开展党史学习教育”资助。

摘　　要：文章以广东省韶关南雄市为案例,运用叙事研究法,对南雄市申报中央苏区县以推动红色旅游发展的缘起与过程进行了回溯还原,揭示了红色旅游在国家意志、地方追求发展的动力和中华民族“感恩”文化的共同作用下被建构出来的过程。文章的研究结果驳斥了Zhao和Timothy将红色旅游发展中的中央政府和地方政府视为控制者-傀儡关系的观点,并指出,中国红色旅游的发展是中央政府和地方政府之间通过“目标/激励-责任/动力”方式进行社会交换、合作共创的结果。且这种交换嵌入了中华民族深厚的“反哺”“感恩”文化,超越了唯经济利益导向的理性博弈,呈现出中国在向现代国家治理模式转型过程中,将现代法治与德治相融合的治理理念。在这一过程中,红色旅游因其政治教化功能和促进经济发展的功能同时满足了中央和地方政府的利益诉求,因而成为构建和谐社会、维护政治稳定的一股重要政治整合力量。未来需要将红色旅游作为常态化的文化治理手段以保持其发展的系统性和稳定性。Coordination between the central and local governments is vital in developing red tourism:Such coordination affects the targets of red tourism as well as its patterns and sustainability.Drawing upon social exchange theory and focusing on Nanxiong,a city in Guangdong province,this paper describes the motivations and process for Nanxiong’s efforts to become a Central Soviet Area County toward developing its red tourism.This study identified the social interaction between the central and local governments in China with respect to promoting red tourism;It provides a novel perspective about China’s governance with that development.The present research found that red tourism is the co-creation of China’s central and local governments under a social exchange pattern that involves targets,incentives,responsibility,and motivation.The central government formulates goals to be achieved by red tourism;It provides funds and preferential policies,which encourage local governments to make full use of those resources to develop red tourism and protect the red heritage.To obtain financial support and follow those preferential policies,local governments exert full efforts to develop and promote red tourism under the central government’s guidance.In that process,red tourism acts politically as an integration agent:It integrates the various interests of both the central government and local governments.Developing red tourism satisfies the central government’s necessity to maintain the legitimacy of its political power;It also satisfies local government needs for economic development.Red tourism is thus an important force toward maintaining political stability and a harmonious society.This social exchange pattern between the central and local governments extends beyond basic economic interests:It embodies the Confucian concept of rule based on virtue;It reflects the deep feedback and gratitude aspects of Chinese culture.Red tourism constitutes a mixed political philosophy on the part of the central government with respect t

关 键 词：央地关系 社会交换 义利统一 政治整合 叙事研究 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]