劳森自然主义创作思想探析  

On Naturalism in Henry Lawson’s Writing

作　　者：张加生[1] Zhang Jiasheng

机构地区：[1]南通大学外国语学院,江苏南通226004

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期67-73,154,共8页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“亨利·劳森丛林书写与民族想象”(17BWW054)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：亨利·劳森是澳大利亚民族主义时期经典作家,毕生围绕澳大利亚丛林创作了大量经典诗歌与短篇小说,并因此确立了他澳大利亚民族文学奠基人的地位。劳森的丛林书写作品从冷漠环境、“人兽”形象、命运决定论三方面显示出其作品的自然主义思想。研究表明,劳森笔下的丛林人在环境、本能与遗传等先天性因素影响下,往往无法逃避悲剧命运,在荒野、孤寂、黑暗的丛林面前,丛林人高举“伙伴情谊”的精神旗帜,试图在蛮荒的丛林世界寻找精神寄托,同样难逃悲剧结局。劳森创作的鲜明自然主义倾向,他的自然主义创作思想是他对丛林人凄惨命运现实的深刻观察与他对丛林、社会、世界悲观愁苦情绪相结合的产物。At the end of the 19th century,the Australian nationalist writer Henry Lawson produced many classic works based on harsh bush environment with his pessimist views,which indicates his naturalist thought.This article illustrates the naturalist thought in Lawson’s prose works from three aspects:indifferent bush environment,“human beast”image,and tragic fate.The article further points out that under the influences of environment,human instincts,and genetic inheritance,bushmen are doomed to end in madness or tragic death.To survive the dark and tragic living environment,bushmen uphold the spiritual flag of“mate-ship”,but all failed.The naturalist thought in Lawson’s works is undoubtedly the product of bush reality and his pessimism views towards the bush,the society and the world.

关 键 词：亨利·劳森 自然主义 冷漠环境 “人兽”形象 悲剧命运 

分 类 号：I109.3[文学—世界文学]