清代民国时期北京顺义旗地与庄头问题考述  

A Review of Baqi Land and Zhuangtou in Shunyi County of Beijing during the Period from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

作　　者：王俊斌 WANG Jun-bin(School of Marxism,Tianjin University of Finance and Economics,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学马克思主义学院,天津300222

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第4期146-153,共8页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“清代民国时期京直地区旗地庄头研究”(19BZS067)。

摘　　要：16世纪初,旗地随着满洲人的崛起首先出现在辽东地区。1644年,清王朝入主中原后,这一土地形式也在今北京、天津、河北等地得以大面积发展。在北京顺义,几乎全境被圈充为旗地,并出现了为数众多的旗地经管人员——庄头。民国建立后,顺义旗地在经历了绵延二十余年的清理留置后变为民地。而曾经的庄头在这一“旗地变民”过程中,倚仗自己世代经管旗地的优势地位,通过各种手段为自己谋取留置旗地的权利,从清代管理旗地的“二地主”成为民国年间田连阡陌的大地主。At the beginning of 16 th century,Baqi land appeared in Liaodong area with the rise of Manchuria.In 1644,with Qing occupying the central plains,Baqi land was expanded to Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei areas.Almost all the land was enclosed as Baqi land in Shunyi,Beijing,with which emerged numerous Baqi land managers,Zhuangtou.After the founding of the Republic of China in 1912,Baqi land in Shunyi was transformed into the common land after over 20 years cleaning up retention.In this course,relying on their dominant position of managing Baqi land for generations,the Zhuangtou sought the right to retain the Baqi land for themselves through various means,and thus many Zhuangtou changed from the land-managers in the Qing Dynasty to the true landowners in the Republic of China.

关 键 词：清代民国时期 北京顺义 旗地 庄头 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]