氮肥减施下施用炭吸附聚谷氨酸叶面肥对夏玉米产量、氮素累积和转运的影响  

Effect of Foliar Carbon-Adsorbed Polylutamic Acid under Reduced Nitrogen Application on Yield and Nitrogen Accumulation and Transportation of Summer Maize

作　　者：张盼盼 党永富 李川[1] 张美微[1] 党尊 邱天 田云峰[3] 乔江方[1] ZHANG Pan-pan;DANG Yong-fu;LI Chuan;ZHANG Mei-wei;DANG Zun;QIU Tian;TIAN Yun-feng;QIAO Jiang-fang(Cereal Crops Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002;Henan Yuandong Biotechnology Limited Company,Zhoukou 466000;Scientific Research Management Division,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南远东生物工程有限公司,河南周口466000 [3]河南省农业科学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《玉米科学》2022年第3期143-150,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(202300410526);河南省农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(2021ZC12)。

摘　　要：田间试验设置正常氮和减氮20%两个施氮水平,每个氮处理下设置不喷施、3或8叶期小剂量喷施炭吸附聚谷氨酸(1.8 kg/hm^(2))、3或8叶期大剂量喷施(3.6 kg/hm^(2))等5个处理,研究氮肥减施下喷施炭吸附聚谷氨酸对玉米植株干物质和氮素累积分配及子粒产量的影响。结果表明,施氮处理对各器官干物质量的累积分配无显著影响,氮肥减施后氮素累积量明显降低,但子粒中氮素分配比例提高5.6%。与不喷施相比,3叶期喷施显著增加干物质和氮素累积量,子粒氮素分配比例在8叶期小剂量喷施下最高为61.39%,8叶期喷施显著提高了营养器官花后氮素转运量和转运效率。喷施处理显著提高了果穗行粒数,正常氮下3叶期小剂量喷施处理的产量最高为11.87 t/hm^(2)。氮肥减施小剂量喷施下的产量与正常氮不喷施处理无显著差异,因此,在夏玉米生产中,氮肥减施20%下3或8叶期喷施炭吸附聚谷氨酸1.8 kg/hm^(2)能够维持玉米产量。This study aimed to evaluate the effect of foliar carbon-adsorbed polylutamic acid(CAPC)under re⁃duced nitrogen fertilizer on the accumulation and distribution of dry matter and nitrogen and yield.Field experiment was carried out including normal N rate and reduced by 20%,and no foliar,foliar CAPC with 1.8 kg/ha in 3 or 8-leaf stage,with 3.6 kg/ha in 3 or 8-leaf stage under both N treatments.The result indicated that reduced N treat⁃ment did not affect the accumulation and distribution of dry matter,but decreased N accumulation and increased grain N distribution by 5.6%.Compared with no foliar,foliar CAPC in 3-leaf stage increased the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen.Grain N distribution was highest by 61.39%in the foliar little dose in 8-leaf stage.The transportation amount and efficiency were significantly increased in the foliar CAPC in 8-leaf stage.Foliar treat⁃ments significantly increased the kernel numbe.Highest yield with 11.87 t/ha was obtained in the normal N and foli⁃ar little dose in 3-leaf stage.Yield under the foliar litter dose under reduced N application by 20%had no signifi⁃cant difference with it in normal N and no foliar treatment.Thus,in the summer maize production,foliar CAPC with 1.8 kg/ha dose in 3 or 8-leaf stage under reduced N by 20%could maintain grain yield.

关 键 词：玉米 氮肥减施 炭吸附聚谷氨酸 氮素累积 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]