基于边际成本的跨流域调水水量交易价格研究——以南水北调中线一期工程为例  

Trade price of water volume for inter-basin water transfer project based on marginal cost:case of Phase Ⅰ of Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project

作　　者：孙静[1] 申碧峰[1] 赵金香 SUN Jing;SHEN Bifeng;ZHAO Jinxiang(Beijing Institute of Water,Beijing 100048,China;Administration Office of Chaobai River in Beijing,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水利规划设计研究院,北京100048 [2]北京市潮白河管理处,北京101300

出　　处：《人民长江》2022年第7期113-118,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“京津冀水资源协同管理机制创新与制度设计”(2016YFC04014-08)。

摘　　要：目前,中国跨流域调水用户间的水量交易价格多采用平均成本法予以定价,这样容易带来成本费用重复计入以及资源配置效率不高的问题。为解决上述问题,在边际成本相关理论的基础上,结合水利工程供水成本费用的发生机理以及水量交易特性,构建了基于边际成本理论的跨流域调水工程受益省市间的水量交易价格模型,并提出了模型各项参数的确定方法。以南水北调中线一期工程沿线的河北省和北京市水量交易为研究对象,针对不同的工程条件,用构建的模型测算了水量交易价格。结果表明:(1)在完全利用现有工程——南水北调干线北京段从总干渠河北段调水入京的情况下,交易水价为1.18元/m;(2)在通过新建固安支线向北京市调水的情况下,交易水价为1.40~1.45元/m;(3)工程可变成本是边际成本的主要组成部分,加压工程方案交易价格普遍要高于自流工程方案的水交易价格。At present, the average cost method is used to fix the transaction price of water between the users of water transfer across basins in China, which is easy to cause the problems of repeated inclusion of costs and low efficiency of resource allocation.In order to solve the above problems, based on the theory of marginal cost, combined with the mechanism of water supply cost and water transaction characteristics of water conservancy projects, an inter-provincial water transaction price model for the benefited water transfer users was established, and the method for determining the parameters of the model was proposed.The study calculated water trade price of Beijing City and Hebei Province alone the Phase I of Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project.The results show that:(1) If using existed main line of Beijing section of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project to transfer water from Hebei Province to Beijing City, the transaction price of water is 1.18 yuan/m~3.(2) If transferring water to Beijing City through the new Gu′an branch line, the trade price of water is 1.40~1.45 yuan/m~3.(3) Engineering variable cost is the main component of marginal cost, and the trade price of pressurized diversion scheme is generally higher than that of gravity flow diversion scheme.

关 键 词：水量交易 供水价格 边际成本 跨流域调水工程 南水北调中线一期工程 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]