轴瓦表面巴氏合金失效的原因分析  

Failure Reason Analysis of Babbitt Alloy on the Surface of Bearing Bush

作　　者：王芬玲 李清松[1] 王天剑[1] 郭维华 周斌[1] WANG Fen-ling;LI Qing-song;WANG Tian-jian;GUO Wei-hua;ZHOU Bin(State Key Laboratory of Long-Life High Temperature Materials,Material Research Center of Dongfang Turbine Co.,Ltd.,Deyang 618000,China)

机构地区：[1]东方汽轮机有限公司材料研究中心长寿命高温材料国家重点实验室,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《材料保护》2022年第7期227-232,共6页Materials Protection

摘　　要：在各种重载、高速、低速的滑动轴承中,因润滑油膜失稳而导致巴氏合金材料发生烧瓦和失效的情况十分普遍。通过对某失效轴瓦表面巴氏合金进行表面油膜分析、表面裂纹形貌观察、化学成分检查、截面金相组织检查、元素能谱分析等,发现巴氏合金表面的积碳导致轴瓦表面的巴氏合金受力不均匀,在摩擦力作用下巴氏合金表面能发生塑性流动,形成宏观所见的摩擦痕迹,并于硬度较低且存在焊接缺陷的巴氏合金补焊区域发生开裂,并沿层深方向进行扩展;同时,巴氏合金表面油膜中高含量的Na+与水形成的酸性溶液,使得巴氏合金发生电化学腐蚀,形成腐蚀坑.For various heavy-load,high-speed and low-speed plain bearings,burning and failure of Babbitt alloy due to the instability of the lubricating oil film is very common.Through the surface oil film analysis,surface crack morphology observation,chemical composition inspec-tion,cross-section metallographic structure inspection and energy dispersive spectrum analysis of the failed Babbitt alloy on the surface of a bearing bush,it was found that the carbon deposition on the surface of Babbitt alloy caused uneven stress distribution on it.And plastic flow oc-curred on the surface of Babbitt alloy under the action of friction,forming macroscopic friction marks.And the cracking occurred in the repair welding area of Babbitt alloy with low hardness and welding defects,and propagated along the direction of layer depth.In addition,the acidic solution formed due to the high content of Na+and water in the oil film on the surface of Babbitt alloy led to an electrochemical corrosion of Babbitt alloy which then resulted in corrosion pits.

关 键 词：巴氏合金 失效 硬质相β 电化学腐蚀 电蚀坑 

分 类 号：TK269.1[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]