地温测量在地热勘查中的应用  

Application of geothermal measurement in the geothermal exploration

作　　者：汪名鹏 杨俊松 刘彦华 WANG Ming-Peng;YANG Jun-Song;LIU Yan-Hua(Hydrogeological and Marine Geological Exploration Institute of Jiangsu Province,Huai'an 223005,China;Hydrogeological and Engineering Geological Investigation Institute of Jiangsu Province,Huai'an 223005,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省水文地质海洋地质勘查院,江苏淮安223005 [2]江苏省水文地质工程地质勘察院,江苏淮安223005

出　　处：《物探与化探》2022年第4期838-844,共7页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

摘　　要：地温测量是研究地温场分布最直接的方法。地热热源的强度与分布,直接影响地壳表层土壤温度场的分布,特别是存在热储层、热运移通道等都会使地温场的分布产生异常。在研究区16个民井和32个钻孔中进行地温测量,分析地温场分布状况以及地下热水活动规律,效果明显。结果表明研究区浅孔与深孔地温场平面特征一致,越接近东北角地温越有增加的趋势,而且地温异常区呈NNE向条带状分布,宽度约700 m,与NNE向断裂展布方向一致,地温最高点位于NW向断裂与NNE向断裂交汇处。研究区在纵向上地温分布特征差异性明显,地下热水分布范围较小,具有一定局限性,主要受构造断裂、岩溶发育程度等控制,温度低的地下水大量涌入导致地下水温降低,地温梯度出现异常;这种地温梯度异常现象也说明了研究区地下热水主要储存于灰质白云岩或角砾岩的裂隙溶洞中,裂隙、岩溶成为地下热水良好的运移通道。地温测量方法圈定了研究区地热异常区范围,为进一步勘查地热提供了重要的依据。Geothermal measurement is the most direct method to study the distribution of geothermal field.The intensity and distribution of geothermal heat sources directly affect the distribution of the soil temperature field in the surface layer of the earth's crust,especially the existence of thermal reservoirs and thermal transport channels can cause anomalies in the distribution of the geothermal field.Geothermal measurements were carried out in 16 civil wells and 32 boreholes in the study area to analyze the distribution of geothermal field and the pattern of underground hot water activity,and the results were obvious.The results show that the geothermal field at shallow depths is laterally consistent with that at deep depths,with the temperature tending to increase toward the northeastern corner of the study area,and that the anomalous geothermal areas are distributed as a NNE-oriented strip,with a width of about 700 m,which is consistent with the NNE-oriented faults.The highest geothermal point is located at the intersection of the NW and NNE-trending faults..The vertical geothermal distributions in the study area are distinct.The geothermal water is limited to a narrow area.The low-temperature groundwater inflows into the tectonic faults and karsts,with volumes controlled with the development degrees of them,leading to an abnormal geothermal gradient.This anomaly also indicated that the geothermal water in the Laozi Mountain area is mainly stored in fissures and karst caves of limy dolomite or breccia rocks,with fissures and caves providing good pathways for the geothermal water to flow.The geothermal measurement method has traced the range of geothermal anomalies in the study area,which provides an important basis for further geothermal investigation.

关 键 词：地热勘查 地温测量 地温场 地热异常 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]