高温白化事件可提高涠洲岛澄黄滨珊瑚(Porites lutea)的耐热性  

High temperature bleaching events can increase thermal tolerance of Porites lutea in the Weizhou Island

作　　者：蒙林庆 黄雯 阳恩广 王永刚 许莉佳[4] 余克服 Meng Linqing;Huang Wen;Yang Enguang;Wang Yonggang;Xu Lijia;Yu Kefu(School of Marine Sciences,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Coral Reef Research Center of China,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510530,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学海洋学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西大学广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [3]广西大学珊瑚礁研究中心,广西南宁530004 [4]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510530

出　　处：《海洋学报》2022年第8期87-96,共10页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41866006,42090041);广西重大专项(桂科AA17204074);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(PM-zx703-202002-034,PM-zx703-202004-143)。

摘　　要：近年来,全球气候变暖引起的海水表层温度上升导致大规模珊瑚白化事件频繁发生,严重损害了珊瑚礁的生态健康。为了揭示白化事件对澄黄滨珊瑚(Porites lutea)耐热性的影响,进一步探索滨珊瑚对高温的生理响应,本研究对广西涠洲岛2020年夏季极端高温白化事件前、后的澄黄滨珊瑚进行了高温胁迫对比实验,并进行了生理生化指标分析。结果显示:(1)两组澄黄滨珊瑚对高温胁迫的响应模式一致,均表现为珊瑚触手收缩,虫黄藻密度、最大光量子产量(Fv/Fm)和叶绿素a含量明显降低,抗氧化物(总超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、还原型谷胱甘肽)和铵同化酶(谷氨酰胺合成酶)活性(含量)先升后降;(2)经历高温白化事件后的澄黄滨珊瑚生理指标表现更佳,其抗氧化物和铵同化酶都始终保持高的活性及灵敏的响应。这意味着涠洲岛的澄黄滨珊瑚经历高温白化事件后,可以通过提高抗氧化物和铵同化酶活性来提升耐热性,是其应对全球变暖的策略之一。本研究还揭示了涠洲岛澄黄滨珊瑚应对极端高温的生理响应模式,为珊瑚礁保护和生态修复提供了理论支持。In recent years,the rising of sea surface temperature caused by global warming resulted in frequently large-scale coral bleaching events,which have seriously damaged the health of coral reef ecosystems.In order to reveal the influence of bleaching events on the thermal tolerance of Porites lutea and further explore the physiological response of P.lutea in high temperature,comparative study was carried out on high-stress experiment on P.lutea before and after high temperature bleaching events at Weizhou Island,Guangxi in summer 2020.Coral’s physiological and biochemical indexes were also analyzed.The results showed that:(1)the response pattern of the two groups to high temperature stress was that the contraction of coral tentacles,the density of zooxanthellae,the maximum quantum efficiency of Photosystem II(Fv/Fm)and chlorophyll a content decreased significantly,antioxidant(superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione)and ammonium assimilase(glutamine synthase)activities(content)increased and then decreased;(2)the physiological indexes showed better performance and its antioxidant and ammonium assimilation enzyme kept high activity and sensitive response in the after high temperature bleaching events group.It means that the P.lutea in the Weizhou Island can improve its thermal tolerance by increasing the activities of antioxidant and ammonium assimilation enzyme after high temperature bleaching events which is one of the strategies to cope with global warming.This study also revealed the response pattern of Weizhou Island’s P.lutea to extreme high temperatures,providing theoretical support for coral reef protection and ecological restoration.

关 键 词：涠洲岛 白化事件 澄黄滨珊瑚 高温胁迫 全球变暖 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]