致谢语与致歉语内在关联的跨语言考察  

A Cross-linguistic examination of the Intrinsic Link between Acknowledgements and Apologies

作　　者：张爱玲 ZHANG Ailing(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学文学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《苏州科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期74-80,108,共8页Journal of Suzhou University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“汉语致谢和致歉语词的共时用法与历时演变研究”(20FYYB025)。

摘　　要：致谢和致歉是言语交际中最重要的礼貌性言语行为,二者看似彼此独立,实际上存在密切关联。这在世界诸多语言中都有所反映,主要体现在:一词两用(一词兼有致谢和致歉两种用法)、两语共答(致谢语和致歉语共用同一回应语)、语义演变(有些致谢用法是从致歉用法发展而来)。其原因在于:二者都属于表情性言语行为,它们的真诚条件存在相通性,无论是实施致谢还是实施致歉,常常伴随着言者的愧疚心理。致谢行为和致歉行为伴随的身体姿势有时也是相同的。Acknowledgements and apologies,as two kinds of the most important polite speech acts in verbal communication,may appear to be independent of each other,but are in fact closely related,which is reflected in many languages around the world,mainly as in the dual use of the word(the word is used both as an acknowledgement and as an apology),the co-response(the acknowledgement and the apology share the same response),and the semantic evolution(some uses of acknowledgement have evolved from the use of apology).The reason for this is that they are both expressive speech acts,their sincerity conditions are similar,and both the act of giving thanks and the act of giving an apology are often accompanied by the guilt of the speaker.The body posture that accompanies the act of acknowledgement and the act of apology is also sometimes the same.

关 键 词：致谢 致歉 一词两用 两语共答 语义演变 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]