2012-2020年广西乡镇卫生院卫生资源配置效率评价:基于DEA和SFA方法  

Evaluation on health resource allocation efficiency of township health centers in Guangxi from 2012 to 2020:based on DEA and SFA

作　　者：张杰 唐小芬 梁秋瑜 李超云 谢艺红[2] ZHANG Jie;TANG Xiao-fen;LIANG Qiu-yu;LI Chao-yun;XIE Yi-hong(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Statistics Center,Nanning Guangxi 530028,China;Public Health School of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning Guangxi 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区卫生健康统计信息中心,广西南宁530028 [2]广西医科大学公共卫生学院,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2022年第8期50-55,共6页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：广西中医药适宜技术开发与推广项目—广西中医医疗机构卫生资源与服务利用可视化管理系统建设与应用(GZSY21-09)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析广西乡镇卫生院卫生资源配置效率,为资源优化配置提供科学依据。[方法]采用数据包络分析(DEA)和随机前沿方法(SFA)分析2012-2020年广西乡镇卫生院卫生资源配置的技术效率和成本效率。[结果]2020年广西乡镇卫生院总体综合效率为0.898,仅4个市乡镇卫生院DEA有效,7个市DEA无效且存在不同程度的投入冗余与产出不足。2012-2020年广西乡镇卫生院平均全要素生产率指数为0.949,呈负增长态势,年均下降5.1%,各市均呈不同程度下降;卫生资源配置成本效率亦呈逐年下滑趋势,其中床位数、卫生技术人员数、诊疗人次和病床使用率对其有正向影响,卫生机构数有负向影响。[结论]广西乡镇卫生院资源配置效率不高,应有针对性地采取对策增加资源投入,并通过优化人力资源结构、促进医疗服务创新等措施合理配置并充分利用资源。Objective To analyze the efficiency of health resources allocation in township health centers in Guangxi so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the resources allocation.Methods Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analysis were used to analyze the technical and cost efficiency of health resource allocation in township health centers in Guangxi from 2012 to 2020.Results In 2020,the overall comprehensive efficiency of township health centers in Guangxi was 0.898.Only 4 cities were DEA efficiency,7 cities were DEA inefficiency and had various degrees of input redundancy and insufficient output.From 2012 to 2020,the average Malmquist productivity index of township health centers in Guangxi was 0.949,which showed negative growth trend,with an average annual decline of 5.1%.The Malmquist productivity of township health centers in each city decreased in varying degrees.The cost efficiency of health resource allocation was also declining year by year.The cost-efficiency of health resource allocation also showed a downward trend year by year,in which the number of hospital beds,amount of health personnel,the number of bed,health technician,outpatient clinic visits and bed utilization rate had a positive impact on it,while had a negative impact on the number of health institution.Conclusions The efficiency of resource allocation in township health centers in Guangxi is not high,so we should take targeted measures to increase resource investment,and rationally allocate and make full use of resources by optimizing the structure of human resources and promoting medical service innovation.

关 键 词：乡镇卫生院 卫生资源配置效率 数据包络分析(DEA) 随机前沿分析(SFA) 

分 类 号：R197.69[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]