沥青路面裂缝的数字图像测量与细观结构特征研究  

Research on Measurement and Meso-structural Characteristics of Asphalt Pavement Cracks based on Digital Image Processing

作　　者：林博煌 石立万 王悦婵 钱尼贵 LIN Bo-huang;SHI Li-wan;WANG Yue-chan;QIAN Ni-gui(School of Transportation and Civil Engineering and Architecture,Foshan Smart Land&Sea Civil Engineering Material Technology R&D Center,Foshan University,Foshan 528225,China;Guangdong HuaLu Transportation Technology Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou 510420,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院交通与土木建筑学院,佛山市智慧型陆地与海洋土木工程材料工程技术研究开发中心,佛山市528225 [2]广东华路交通科技有限公司,广州市510420

出　　处：《公路》2022年第7期33-40,共8页Highway

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金面上项目,项目编号2022A1515010845;佛山市科技计划项目,项目编号1920001001867;广东省企业科技特派员资质项目,项目编号GDKTP2020036600。

摘　　要：针对常规以人工检测为主的沥青路面裂缝检测效率较低、费时费力且存在安全隐患等问题,基于数字图像处理技术,对不同路面裂缝采集高度图像进行统计分析,获得了满足图像处理效率和工程精度要求的最佳路面裂缝采集高度,分析了路面裂缝分形特征、裂缝扩展路径特征等细观结构特征。结果表明:路面裂缝最佳图像采集高度为60 cm,可有效提高图像自动化处理效率,且裂缝宽度测量相对误差满足≤10%的工程精度要求;沥青路面裂缝具有良好的分形特征,分形维数在1.1~1.2之间;黏结裂缝占裂缝总长度的50%~60%,是沥青路面裂缝的主要类型,提高沥青胶浆和粗集料的黏结性可有效抑制沥青路面裂缝的扩展。研究结论可为沥青路面裂缝数字化检测提供简单便捷的方法和新的技术途径。In view of the problems of low efficiency, time-consuming and labor-intensive detection of asphalt pavement cracks as well as the potential safety hazards when carrying out conventional manual detection, in the paper, in this paper the images of different pavement crack acquisition heights are statistically analyzed, and the best pavement crack acquisition height that meet the requirements of image processing efficiency and engineering accuracy is obtained based on the method of image processing technique. Then, the meso-structural characteristics of pavement cracks such as fractal characteristics and crack propagation path characteristics are analyzed. The results show that the optimal image acquisition height of pavement crack is 60 cm, which can effectively improve the efficiency of image automatic processing, and the relative error of crack width measurement can meet the requirement of 10% engineering accuracy;asphalt pavement cracks have good fractal characteristics, and the fractal dimension is between 1.1-1.2. Bond crack is the main type of asphalt pavement crack, accounting for 50%~60% of the total crack length. Improving the adhesion between asphalt mortar and coarse aggregate can effectively inhibit the expansion of asphalt pavement crack. The conclusion of this study can provide a simple and convenient method and new technical way for the digital detection of asphalt pavement cracks.

关 键 词：道路工程 沥青路面 数字图像处理 裂缝 细观结构 

分 类 号：U416.217[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]