自动化智能化地质岩芯钻探技术装备研发与应用  

Development and application of intelligent and automatic drilling technology and equipment

作　　者：张金昌[1] 尹浩[1] 刘凡柏[1] 黄洪波 梁健[1] 王瑜[3] 吴敏[4] 陶士先 ZHANG Jinchang;YIN Hao;LIU Fanbai;HUANG Hongbo;LIANG Jian;WANG Yu;WU Min;TAO Shixian(Institute of Exploration Techniques,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang,Hebei,065000;China Geological Equipment Group Co.,Ltd,Beijing,100102;School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing,100083;School of Automation,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,430074;Beijing Institute of Exploration Engineering,Beijing,100083)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国地质装备集团有限公司,北京100102 [3]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [4]中国地质大学(武汉),武汉430074 [5]北京探矿工程研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《地质论评》2022年第4期1382-1392,共11页Geological Review

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2018YFC0603400)的成果。

摘　　要：为解决5000 m地质岩芯钻探基础准则与依据缺失问题,提高钻探装备的自动化、智能化水平,启动了5000 m智能地质钻探技术装备研发工作,通过钻机装备、钻探器具研制,钻探工艺技术研究并经试验示范验证,取得多项创新成果,形成了5000 m地质岩芯钻探技术体系。通过特深孔钻孔口径与管柱规格优化研究、钻杆规格设计、装备性能参数选配,形成了5000 m地质岩芯钻探技术规范体系;基于5000 m特深孔地质岩芯钻机、孔口自动化作业装置等关键设备研制,实现了绳索取芯钻进的孔口作业全流程自动化,形成了轻量化钻机孔口管柱柔顺控制技术;基于复杂地层孔内工况判别、钻进参数优化与轨迹优化控制等技术问题研究,形成了多源信息融合的地面与孔底一体化钻进过程智能控制技术;基于高性能薄壁绳索取芯钻杆和系列小口径高效钻具研制,形成了大深度绳索取芯系列钻杆钻具技术;研发了耐高温环保型冲洗液、生物破胶废浆处理技术、“广谱型”双浆堵漏技术,形成了绿色环保型冲洗液体系与护壁堵漏技术。In order to solve the problem of criteria and basis lack for 5000 m geological core drilling and improve the automation and intelligence level of drilling equipment, the research of 5000 m intelligent geological drilling technology and equipment has been started. A number of innovative achievements have been achieved through the development and test of drilling equipment, drilling tools and drilling technology. Through the optimization research of ultra-deep hole drilling diameter and pipe string specification, drill pipe specification design and equipment performance parameter selection, 5000 m geological core drilling technical specification system has been formed. Based on the development of key equipment such as 5000 m deep hole geological core drilling rig and wellhead automatic operation device, the whole process automation of wellhead operation of wire-line core drilling is realized, and the compliance control technology of pipe string with lightweight drilling rig is formed. Based on the study of technical problems such as discrimination of working conditions in the hole, optimization of drilling parameters and trajectory optimization control in complex formation, an intelligent control technology for the integrated drilling process from surface to hole bottom based on multi-source information fusion is formed. Based on the development of high-performance thin-walled wire-line core drill pipe and a series of high-efficiency drill tools with small-diameter, a series of drill pipe and drill tools technology for deep wire-line coring has been formed. The research and development of environment-friendly flushing fluid with high temperature resistance, biological gel breaking waste slurry treatment technology and "broad-spectrum" double slurry plugging technology have been carried out, with which a green and environment-friendly flushing fluid system and wall protection plugging technology are formed.

关 键 词：特深孔 地质岩芯钻探 绳索取芯 智能化自动化钻探技术装备 

分 类 号：P634[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]