平贝母收获挖掘设备研究现状与发展趋势  

Research status and development trend of harvesting and digging equipment for Fritillaria Ussuriensis

作　　者：李三平[1] 包纹全 吴立国[1,2] Li Sanping;Bao Wenquan;Wu Liguo(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;Harbin Forestry Machinery Research Institute,State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Harbin,150086,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨市150040 [2]国家林业和草原局哈尔滨林业机械研究所,哈尔滨市150086

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2022年第9期201-209,共9页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2018SZ017、CAFYBB2020MB010)。

摘　　要：平贝母采收作业是林区贝母种植的关键一环,对平贝母的成色与药用价值产生重要影响。现有的采收设备存在作业效率低、环境适应性差等问题。挖掘铲作为平贝母收获机的核心部件,尚存在结构设计单一化,研究思路半经验化等问题直接影响采收作业的质量。为研发能够满足行业需求的平贝母采收设备,结合现有种植条件及技术发展,对国内外根茎类作物收获机进行整体分析,提出研发可兼收其他作物的小型自走式联合收获机这一思路;对平贝母收获机及挖掘铲的发展情况进行深入剖析,提出平贝母收获机的发展方向为高效化、采收过程专业化、采收作物兼容化,平贝母挖掘铲的发展方向为研究思路科学化、研发手段专业化、运行性能稳定化,以期推动贝母产业全程机械化进程。The harvesting operation of Fritillaria Ussuriensis is a key link in Fritillaria Ussuriensis planting in forest area,which has an important impact on the color and medicinal value of Fritillaria Ussuriensis.The existing harvesting equipment has gradually exposed the problems of low operation efficiency and poor environmental adaptability.As the core part of fritillaria flat harvester,the digging shovel directly affects the quality of harvesting operation,but the existing digging shovel still has some problems,such as simple structure design and semi-empirical research idea.In order to develop the harvesting equipment of Fritillaria Ussuriensis that can meet the needs of the industry,combined with the existing planting conditions and technological development,the whole analysis of root crop harvester at home and abroad was carried out,and the idea of developing a small self-walking combined harvester that can harvest other crops was put forward.In terms of harvester and the development of digging shovel carried on the thorough analysis,proposed the development direction of fritillary bulb harvester for efficiency,specialization,harvest crops,collecting process compatibility,terms of the development direction of digging shovel means for scientific research ideas,research and development professional,performance stabilization,in order to boost the process of fully mechanized fritillaria industry.

关 键 词：平贝母 根茎类作物 农业机械 收获机 挖掘铲 

分 类 号：S225.7[农业科学—农业机械化工程]