南海气溶胶中溶解性无机磷的空间和季节分布特征  

Spatial and seasonal distribution characteristics of dissolved inorganic phosphate of atmospheric aerosols over the South China Sea

作　　者：丁晓君 代威力[1] 龙爱民[3] 肖红伟 DING Xiaojun;DAI Weili;LONG Aimin;XIAO Hongwei(Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang,330063,China;Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution,East China University of Technology,Nanchang,330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,510301,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学江西省持久性污染物控制与资源循环利用重点实验室,南昌330063 [2]东华理工大学,江西省大气污染成因与控制重点实验室,南昌330013 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境国家重点实验室,广州510301 [4]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第7期2347-2355,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42063001,41663003)资助。

摘　　要：于2012年夏季、秋季和2013年冬季,利用科考船在南海海域对大气总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)样品进行采集。通过分析TSP水溶性离子及溶解性无机磷酸盐(DIP),对DIP在南海气溶胶中的浓度、空间及季节分布特征进行探讨,同时估算了DIP的干沉降通量。结果表明,冬季气溶胶DIP浓度为(31.50±15.93)ng·m^(−3),夏季为(0.14±0.07)ng·m^(−3),秋季为(0.87±0.61)ng·m^(−3),冬季远高于夏秋季;夏、秋和冬季南海气溶胶DIP干沉降通量分别为(0.1±0.05)、(0.6±0.4)、(20.7±10.5)μg·m^(−2)·d^(−1),年平均沉降通量为(6.4±11.0)μg·m^(−2)·d^(−1)。根据Redfield比值C∶N∶P=106∶16∶1,估算得到由干沉降进入南海的溶解性磷(TDP)可支持南海1.3mg·m^(−2)·d^(−1)C的海洋浮游植物碳生产。夏、秋季气溶胶DIP浓度由南海南部向北部递减,南海西部DIP浓度高于东部,冬季中南半岛附近海域DIP浓度较高,DIP浓度的季节变化和空间分布可能是因为夏秋季在西南季风的主导下,南海主要受印度洋海洋性气团影响,导致DIP浓度较低,而冬季则受东北季风携带的东北亚沿海城市污染物的影响,导致冬季DIP浓度更高。DIP与Al_(3)^(+)、NO_(3)^(−)、NH_(4)^(+)等离子相关性,表明南海冬季(P<0.01)可能受东北亚人为排放源影响较大,夏季(P>0.05)受人为排放源影响较小。Total suspended particulate matter(TSP)samples were collected over the South China Sea in the summer and autumn of 2012 and winter of 2013.Water-soluble ions and dissolved inorganic phosphate(DIP)were analyzed to discuss spatial and seasonal distribution characteristics of DIP over the South China Sea aerosol.The results show that the DIP concentration in winter、summer and autumn aerosol were(31.50±15.93)ng·m^(−3),(0.14±0.07)ng·m^(−3) and(0.87±0.61)ng·m^(−3),respectively,with high in winter and low in summer and autumn.The DIP deposition fluxes were(0.1±0.05),(0.6±0.4)and(20.7±10.5)μg·m^(−2)·d^(−1) over the South China Sea in summer,autumn and winter,respectively,while the average annual deposition flux was(6.4±11.0)μg·m^(−2)·d^(−1).According to Redfield ratio C∶N∶P=106∶16∶1,the deposition of total dissolved phosphate into surface sea over the South China Sea could produce 1.3 mg·m^(−2)·d^(−1) Cvia marine phytoplankton.In summer and autumn,the DIP concentration decreased from the south and west to the north and east of the South China Sea.In winter,the DIP concentration was the highest near Indochina Peninsula.The correlations between DIP and Al^(3+),NO_(3)^(−) and NH_(4)^(+) showed the DIP was greatly and little affected by anthropogenic emission sources in Northeast Asia in winter(P<0.01)and summer(P>0.05),respectively.

关 键 词：南海 气溶胶 溶解性无机磷酸盐(DIP) 干沉降通量 初级生产力 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]