湖南省水域底泥污染评价及资源化利用分析  

Assessment of Sediment Pollution and Its Resource Utilization in the Water Areas of Hunan Province

作　　者：杨帆 何丹丹 袁隆湖 刘旭冉 黎一夫 王冬波[2] YANG Fang;HE Dan-dan;YUAN Long-hu;LIU Xu-ran;LI Yi-fu;WANG Dong-bo(RIOH High Science and Technology Group,Beijing 100088,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]中路高科交通科技集团有限公司,北京100088 [2]湖南大学环境科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2022年第13期97-104,共8页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：湘江、资江、沅江、澧水和洞庭湖是湖南省主要的饮用水源和纳污水体。城市化进程的加快、工业结构的落后导致这些水域出现了一系列环境问题。为了解湖南省水域底泥污染现状,对省内5大水域底泥进行取样,测试底泥样品的物理参数(pH、含水率)、营养参数(有机质、TCOD、总氮、总磷)和重金属(砷、镉、铬、铜、镍、铅、锌)含量。结果显示,湖南省水域的底泥pH在6.64~8.66之间,含水率为22.5%~41.0%,有机质含量为24.0~137.2 g/kg。采用单项指数法分析底泥重金属沿程空间分布特征发现,底泥重金属污染程度在各水域表现出较大的差异,大多数采样点的污染指数均小于1,污染评价等级属于清洁。然而金属Cd在澧水、沅江、资江、湘江和洞庭湖的平均含量分别为1.16、0.53、1.47、2.34和3.57 mg/kg。湘江和洞庭湖水域中Cd达到中度污染水平,其中洞庭湖水域的富丰肥业采样点Cd含量为标准值的17.72倍,属于高度污染水平。综上,大多数采样点的底泥中有机质含量都属于中低水平,底泥中氮、磷含量丰富,整体状况良好。除Cd以外的被测金属在各采样点均属于清洁或低污染水平,而Cd污染在各水域差异较大。在综合分析底泥物理性参数、营养参数和重金属含量的基础上,提出了针对湖南省污染底泥的资源化途径。The main drinking water sources and receiving waters in Hunan Province include Xiang River,Zi River,Yuan River,Li River and Dongting Lake.The rapid urbanization and unreasonable industrial structure lead to a series of environmental problems in these water areas.To understand the current situation of sediment pollution in the water areas of Hunan Province,this paper sampled sediments in five major water areas in the province,and physical parameters(pH,moisture content),nutritional parameters(organic matter,TCOD,total nitrogen,total phosphorus)and heavy metals(arsenic,cadmium,chromium,copper,nickel,lead,zinc)content of the sediment samples were tested.The pH of the sediment was between 6.64 and 8.66,the moisture content was between 22.5%and 41.0%,and the organic matter content was between 24.0 g/kg and 137.2 g/kg.The spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediment was analyzed by single index method.The heavy metal pollution degree of sediment showed great difference in different water areas.The pollution index of most sampling sites was less than 1,and the pollution evaluation level was clean.However,the average contents of Cd in Li River,Yuan River,Zi River,Xiang River and Dongting Lake were 1.16 mg/kg,0.53 mg/kg,1.47 mg/kg,2.34 mg/kg and 3.57 mg/kg.Cadmium in Xiang River and Dongting Lake reached moderate pollution level,and the content of Cd in the sampling site of Fufeng Fertilizer Company in Dongting Lake was 17.72 times higher than the standard value,which belonged to high pollution level.In summary,the organic matter content in the sediment of most sampling sites was medium or low level,and the sediment was rich in nitrogen and phosphorus,which is in good overall condition.The pollution level of the measured metal at each sampling site was clean or low pollution level,but Cd pollution varied greatly in different water areas.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the physical parameters,nutrient parameters and heavy metal content of the sediment,the paper proposed a resource utilization approach for pollut

关 键 词：湖南省 底泥 重金属 资源化 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]