空心圆柱件内孔的淬火应力  

Quenching stress at inner surface of hollow cylinders

作　　者：霍永成 刘玉 黄丽娜 李强[2] HUO Yong-cheng;LIU Yu;HUANG Li-na;LI Qiang(School of Materials Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;State Key Laboratory of Roll Composite Materials,Sinosteel Xingtai Machinery&Mill Roll Co Ltd,Xingtai 054025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学材料工程学院,上海201620 [2]河北工业大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300401 [3]中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司轧辊复合材料国家重点实验室,河北邢台054025

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2022年第7期157-166,共10页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51801125);上海工程技术大学大学生创新训练项目(CX2105013)。

摘　　要：为了分析空心圆柱件淬火时内孔开裂的原因,通过二次开发在Abaqus软件平台上建立了空心圆柱件淬火时温度场、组织场和应力场的三场耦合模型。基于数值模拟对空心圆柱件淬火时的热应力及相变应力(组织应力)进行了分析,并对冷却介质换热系数对内孔淬火应力的影响进行了研究。结果表明:薄壁件在水淬后内壁表层及次表层的残余应力均为拉应力,厚壁件在经水淬后内壁和外壁表面残余应力均为压应力,内外壁的中间位置为拉应力;厚壁件内壁的最大拉应力在冷却过程中出现;引起薄壁件和厚壁件内壁开裂的原因是相变应力。通过分析空心件内孔淬火应力的影响因素并结合实际情况,提出了降低圆柱件内壁淬火应力的工艺方法。生产实践表明:基于数值模拟设计的淬火工艺未出现淬火开裂现象,并且材料的各项力学性能满足要求。A three-field coupling model of temperature field,microstructure field and stress field during quenching of hollow cylindrical parts was established by modifying and adding subroutines on Abaqus software in order to analyze the reasons for quenching cracking at the inner surface of hollow cylinders.Based on numerical simulation,the thermal stress and phase transformation stress of hollow cylinders during quenching were analyzed,and the effect of heat transfer coefficient of quenchant on quenching stress of inner hole was studied.The results show that after water quenching,the residual stresses on the inner wall surface and subsurface of the thin-walled parts are tensile stresses,while for the thick-walled parts,the residual stresses are compressive stresses on the inner and outer surface and tensile stresses in the middle position of the inner and outer walls.The maximum tensile stress at the inner wall of the thick-wall cylinder appears during quenching.The reason for the inner wall cracking of the thin-walled parts and thick walled parts is phase transformation stress.By analyzing the influencing factors of quenching stress in the inner hole of hollow parts and combined with the actual situation,the technological method to reduce the quenching stress in the inner wall of cylindrical parts is put forward.It is demonstrated by production practice that no quenching cracking occurs on hollow cylindrical parts by using the designed quenching process based on the numerical simulation,and the mechanical properties of the material meet the requirements.

关 键 词：空心圆柱件 淬火应力 淬火开裂 热处理模拟 

分 类 号：TG156.34[金属学及工艺—热处理]