单向及双向流固耦合方法在无人机翼的应用分析  

Application analysis of one-way and two-way fluid-structure coupling method in UAV wing

作　　者：刘基海 易阅城 谢科 宋雨雨 龙怡行 郭东 LIU Jihai;YI Yuecheng;XIE Ke;SONG Yuyu;LONG Yihang;GUO Dong(Research Institute of Sichuan Aerospace System Engineering,Chengdu 610100,China)

机构地区：[1]四川航天系统工程研究所,四川成都610100

出　　处：《应用科技》2022年第4期70-78,91,共10页Applied Science and Technology

摘　　要：为研究某大展弦比无人机机翼在大攻角下的流固耦合特性,基于计算流体力学模型(CFD)和结构有限元模型(FEM)建立了复合材料机翼单向及双向流固耦合分析方法。首先利用Workbench中复合材料前处理模块(ACP)建立复合材料结构机翼三维模型以及机翼的流场分析模型并完成大攻角下机翼绕流分析,进行预应力模态分析;然后分别采用CFX-Static Structure和CFX-Transient Structure模块进行流场与机翼的单向稳态流固耦合与单向瞬态流固耦合分析;最后采用双向弱耦合的方法研究了结构动响应特性与气动弹性稳定性,并与单向流固耦合方法作比较。研究表明:单向定常稳态结果相对于瞬态分析结果更加保守;用单向耦合方法求解获得的结果校核机翼结构强度较双向耦合分析是偏于安全的;双向耦合可获得更近似的数值解。本文研究对选取流固耦合领域分析方法具有一定参考意义。In order to study the fluid-structure interaction characteristics of UAV wings with large aspect ratio at a high angle of attack,based on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model and the structural finite element model(FEM),we established the unidirectional and bidirectional fluid-structure interaction analysis methods for wings made of composite materials.First,the ANSYS composite pre(ACP)module of composite materials in Workbench was used to establish a three-dimensional model of the wings,and a flow field analysis model of the wings to finish flow analysis of the wings at a large angle of attack,as well as the pre-stress modal analysis.Then,the CFX-Static Structure and CFX-Transient Structure modules were used respectively to analyze the unidirectional steady-state fluid-structure coupling and unidirectional transient fluid-structure coupling interactions between the flow field and the wing.Finally,the two-way weak coupling method was used to investigate the dynamic response characteristics and aeroelastic stability of the structure,and further compared with the one-way fluid-structure interaction method.Research shows that the one-way steady-state results are more conservative than the transient analysis results;compared with two-way coupling analysis,the results obtained by one-way coupling method for checking the structure strength of the wing are safe.It is necessary to carry out the two-way fluid-structure coupling analysis in order to obtain a more approximate numerical solution.This research is of certain significance to the selection of analysis methods in the field of fluid-structure coupling.

关 键 词：大展弦比 无人机机翼 流固耦合 模态分析 绕流分析 结构动响应 气动弹性稳定性 强度校核 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]