伊拉肉兔和美系獭兔MSTN基因多态性研究  

Study on Polymorphism of MSTN Gene in Ira Meat Rabbit and American Rex Rabbit Populations

作　　者：牛华锋[1] 张成东[2] 杨雪娇[2] 任战军[2] 王淑辉[2] 赵永攀 NIU Huafeng;ZHANG Chengdong;YANG Xuejiao;REN Zhanjun;WANG Shuhui;ZHAO Yongpan(Department of Animal Engineering,Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Shaanxi Animal Husbandry Industry Experiment&Demonstration Center,Jingyang,Shaanxi 713702,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院动物工程分院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌7121000 [3]陕西畜牧产业试验示范中心,陕西泾阳713702

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2022年第7期60-65,95,共7页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省农业科技创新与攻关项目(16NY-108);陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2020-YL-16);陕西省重点研发(2018ZDXM-NY-041)项目;杨凌示范区产学研用协同创新重大项目(1017cxy-15)。

摘　　要：为了探索伊拉肉兔和美系獭兔MSTN基因多态性,以期为家兔分子选育提供理论依据。试验分别选取了伊拉肉兔与美系獭兔70只,其中公母各35只,采用PCR扩增MSTN基因部分片段并测序,结果:①共发现了4个SNP位点,分别位于MSTN基因序列外显子Ⅰ的111bp处,内含子Ⅰ的234bp处,外显子Ⅱ的338bp处和内含子Ⅱ的34bp处;外显子Ⅲ中则未发现多态位点;内含子多态位点首次发现。② MSTN基因外显子Ⅰ的SNP位点发生C—T的转换,有CC、CT和TT 3种基因型,CC为优势基因型,且基因型频率分布在伊拉肉兔群体中不符合hardy-weinberg平衡外(P<0.05)。③内含子Ⅰ的SNP位点发生了G-A的转换,有GG、GA和AA 3种基因型;外显子Ⅱ的SNP位点处T-A的颠换,有TT、TA和AA 3种基因型;内含子Ⅱ的SNP位点处发生T-C的转换,有TT、TC和CC 3种基因型。这3个SNP位点基因型频率在伊拉肉兔和美系獭兔群体中均符合hardy-weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。④ 4个SNP位点在伊拉肉兔和美系獭兔群体中均表现为中度多态(0.25<PIC<0.5),有较高的遗传变异,作为遗传标记的选择潜力较大。In order to study the polymorphism of the MSTN gene promoter and the body weight in Ira meat rabbit and American rex rabbit populations. In this experiment, a total of 70 Ira meat rabbits and American rex rabbits, including 35 males and 35 females in each group, were randomly selected from the Shaanxi Tianxin Food Co., Ltd. We analyzed a partial fragment of MSTN gene by PCR-direct sequencing. The results showed that① there were 4 SNP sites in the promoter region of the MSTN gene, which were in the 111 bp sites of exon Ⅰ, 234 bp sites of introns Ⅰ, 338 bp of exon Ⅱ, 34 bp of Introns Ⅱ. We didn’t find polymorphic loci in exon Ⅲ.② C-T conversion was in 111 bp sites of exon Ⅰ, and showed three kinds of genotypes(CC,CT and TT);Chi-square fit test indicated that the distribution of genotype frequency of 111 bp sites in exon Ⅰ was not achieved Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P<0.05) in Ira meat rabbit.③ G-A conversion was in 234 bp site of introns Ⅰ, and we found three kinds of genotypes(GG,GA and AA);T-A transversion was in 338 bp of exon Ⅱ, and we found three kinds of genotypes(TT,TA and AA);T-C conversion was in 34 bp of Introns Ⅱ, and we found three kinds of genotypes(TT,TC and CC). The other polymorphic loci distributions of genotype frequencies were achieved Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05) in the two rabbit populations.④All the 4 SNPs loci in Iraq meat rabbit and American rex rabbit populations showed moderate polymorphism(0.25<PIC <0.5), which had a higher genetic variation, and could be a potential selection of genetic marker.

关 键 词：家兔 MSTN基因 多态性 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]