近50年福建省不同时间尺度降水演变特性分析  

Analysis of Precipitation Evolution Characteristics at Different Time Scales in Fujian Province in Recent 50 Years

作　　者：张淼 刘梅冰[1,2,3] ZHANG Miao;LIU Meibing(School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Institute of Geography,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建福州350007 [2]福建师范大学地理研究所,福建福州350007 [3]湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培训基地,福建福州350007

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期96-105,115,共11页Journal of Fujian Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研究开发项目(2018YFE0206400)。

摘　　要：基于福建省1970—2016年的日降水量数据,运用5 a滑动平均、MK检验法、Sen’s坡度估计法以及小波分析法等方法,分析近50a福建省在年、季节、月尺度上不同等级降水的演变特性.结果表明:(1)福建省年均降水量为1 681.17 mm,整体呈不显著增加趋势,且呈现多时间尺度的变化规律;(2)降水主要集中在夏季,夏、冬季降水呈增加趋势,以夏季降水量的变化趋势最为明显,以3.14 mm·a^(-1)的速度显著增加,春、秋季降水呈不显著减小趋势;(3)月降水量呈双峰型变化特征,其峰值出现在6月和8月,其中6月降雨最大,为272.09 mm,占全年总量的16.18%,12月降水最小,仅为46.39 mm,占年总量的2.76%;(4)小雨降水量和降水天数明显减小,中雨和大雨降水量和降水天数分别呈不显著减小和增加趋势,暴雨降水量和降水天数呈极显著增加趋势,大雨和暴雨降水量和降水天数的增加是年降水量增加的主要原因.Based on the daily precipitation data of Fujian Province from 1970 to 2016, this paper analyzes the evolution characteristics of different grades of precipitation in Fujian Province in recent 50 years on the annual, seasonal and monthly scales by using the methods of 5-year moving average, MK test, Sen’s slope estimation and wavelet analysis.The results show that:(1) The average annual precipitation in Fujian Province is 1 681.17 mm, which shows an insignificant increasing trend as a whole and a multi-time scale variation pattern;(2) The precipitation is mainly concentrated in summer, with an increasing trend in summer and winter, especially in summer, with a significant increase of 3.14 mm·a^(-1), and an insignificant decrease in spring and autumn;(3) The monthly precipitation is characterized by double peaks, with its peak values appearing in June and August, with the largest rainfall in June, which is 272.09 mm, accounting for 16.18% of the annual total, and the smallest rainfall in December, which is only 46.39 mm, accounting for 2.76% of the annual total;(4) Light rain precipitation and precipitation days decrease obviously, moderate rain and heavy rain precipitation and precipitation days show an insignificant decrease and increase trend respectively, while torrential rain precipitation and precipitation days increase very significantly.The increase of heavy and torrential rain precipitation and precipitation days is the main reason for the increase of annual precipitation.

关 键 词：不同时间尺度 降水变化 MK趋势检验 降水等级 福建省 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]