工作任务视角下大学生信息搜索与利用行为研究:以撰写课程论文为例  

Research on the Information Search and Use of Graduate Students during Work Task Completion:Taking Writing a Course Essay as an Example

作　　者：王志红 曹树金[3] Wang Zhihong

机构地区：[1]清华大学计算机科学与技术系,北京100084 [2]北京信息科学与技术国家研究中心,北京100084 [3]中山大学信息管理学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2022年第8期38-46,共9页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目“复杂任务下基于用户相关性反馈的会话搜索优化研究”(项目编号:2021M691823);国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于特定领域的网络资源知识组织与导航机制研究”(项目编号:12&ZD222)的成果。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]工作任务是信息交互的触发因素也是最终目的,文章旨在揭示任务完成过程对信息搜索与信息利用行为的影响。[方法/过程]以课程论文写作为场景,采用日记法收集和分析真实工作任务下的数据,探索大学生的信息搜索与利用行为特点,及其在任务完成过程中的差异。[结果/结论]研究发现,信息搜索行为在不同任务环节存在一定差异,尤其是检索次数、检索工具等;在信息利用方面,用户在发现和转移有用信息时,主要是采用从头至尾阅读以及改写特定片段信息的方式,并且与任务环节不存在显著关联性。另外,任务环节与有用信息出现位置之间则存在显著且较高的关联,并且根据文献类型不同而不同。研究对信息素养教育和信息系统设计等方面提供了一定的启示。[Purpose/significance]The work task is not only the triggering factor but also the ultimate goal of information interaction.This research aims to reveal the influence of the task completion process on how users search and use information.[Method/process]Taking course essay writing as the research scenario,this article uses diary method to collect and analysis data in the authentic work task,thus explore the characteristics of information search and use of graduate students as well as their differences in task completion process.[Result/conclusion]The research finds that there are significant differences in information search behaviors at different stages of work task,especially in term of information retrieval frequency and tool used,etc.Regard to information use,users mainly utilize the way of reading sequentially from beginning to end to discover the useful information nuggets and transfer them by rewriting specific segments of information within document.Certain differences exist between information use behavior and stages of work task while no significant correlation is found.However,the position of these useful information is significantly and highly correlated with the work task stage,which also varies according to the document type.This research provides some enlightenment for information literacy education and information system design.

关 键 词：信息交互 信息搜索 信息利用 任务环节 工作任务 

分 类 号：G252.7[文化科学—图书馆学] G645.5