Dishwashers provide a selective extreme environment for human-opportunistic yeast-like fungi  

作　　者：Ramazan Gümral BetilÖzhak-Baysan Ayşegül Tümgör Mehmet Ali Saraçlı Şinasi Taner Yıldıran Macit Ilkit Jerneja Zupančič Monika Novak-Babič Nina Gunde-Cimerman Polona Zalar GSybren de Hoog 

机构地区：[1]Department of Microbiology,Gülhane Military Medical Academy,Ankara,Turkey [2]Department of Microbiology,Faculty of Medicine,University of Akdeniz,Antalya,Turkey [3]Department of Microbiology,Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital,Adana,Turkey [4]Division of Mycology,Department of Microbiology,Faculty of Medicine,University ofÇukurova,Adana 01330,Turkey [5]Department of Biology,Biotechnical Faculty,University of Ljubljana,Ljubljana,Slovenia [6]Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins(CIPKeBiP),Ljubljana,Slovenia [7]CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre,Utrecht,The Netherlands [8]Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics,University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands [9]Research Center for Medical Mycology,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing,China [10]Sun Yat-sen Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,China [11]Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology,Changzheng Hospital,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,China [12]Basic Pathology Department,Federal University of ParanáState,Curitiba,Paraná,Brazil [13]King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,Saudi Arabia

出　　处：《Fungal Diversity》2016年第1期1-9,共9页真菌多样性（英文）

摘　　要：Urban life has led to the creation of human-made environments that,from a microbiological perspective,provide extreme life conditions.Certain non-ubiquitous microorganisms such as thermophilic members of the black yeast genus Exophiala are enriched within these habitats for which no counterpart is known in nature.Dishwashers consistently accumulate a number of specific black,white and red yeasts on the rubber seals of doors and in stagnant water at the interior.Several of these yeasts are primarily known as agents of human opportunistic infections.In this review,the literature data are supported by a screening study involving 937 households in 15 cities in Turkey.Fungi were detected in 230 samples(24.5%).Using rDNA sequencing,the prevalent species were identified as Exophiala dermatitidis(n=116),Candida parapsilosis(n=44),E.phaeomuriformis(n=35),Magnusiomyces capitatus(n=22),Rhodotorula mucilaginosa(n=15),and C.lusitaniae(n=14).The possible role of dishwashers in transmitting disease is discussed.

关 键 词：Candida parapsilosis Exophiala.Extremophile Indoor environment Magnusiomyces capitatus Opportunistic pathogen 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]