不同类型灌水器滴头对沼液抗堵塞性能的影响  

Effect of Different Emitter Types on Anti-clogging Performance of Biogas Slurry Concentrations

作　　者：郑杰 陈红[1] 孟令剑 李善军[1] 马露畅 ZHENG Jie;CHEN Hong;MENG Lingjian;LI Shanjun;MA Luchang(Citrus Full Mechanization Research Base,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-Lower Yangtze Rive,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,农业农村部柑橘全程机械化科研基地,农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点试验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2022年第7期108-116,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001400);财政部、农业农村部国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同类型灌水器滴头对不同水肥配比沼液的抗堵塞性能,获得适用于沼液滴灌施肥的滴头,选取2种片式滴头、2种圆柱滴头和1种片式补偿滴头共5种滴头,设计了2种沼液配比进行周期性间歇灌水试验,比较了不同滴头的抗堵塞能力。结果表明,沼液水肥配比越大,滴头越容易发生堵塞;滴头流量相同时,片式滴头抗堵塞性优于圆柱滴头和片式补偿滴头;滴头类型相同时,额定流量越大,抗堵塞性越好;堵塞进程较为均匀,堵塞发生从毛管尾端开始;堵塞类型以物理和生物结合的复合性堵塞为主。根据试验结果,建议沼液施肥时,最优灌溉模式为:水肥配比选择1∶3,灌水压力选择80 kPa,滴头选择3 L·h^(-1)的片式滴头;单级120目过滤器过滤效果有限,可以考虑增加多级过滤。In order to study the effect of different emitter type on the clogging process of biogas slurry drip irrigation,and choose the most suitable emitter for biogas slurry drip irrigation fertilization,this paper selected2 kinds of plate emitter,2 kinds of cylinder emitter and 1 kind of plate-compensation emitter,and designed 2kinds of biogas slurry ratio for periodic intermittent irrigation experiment,and compared the average relative flow rate and irrigation uniformity of different emitters.The experimental results showed as followed:the bigger the ratio of biogas slurry to water and fertilizer was,the easier the emitter clogging was;when the flow rate of emitter was the same,the anti-clogging performance of chip emitter was better than that of cylinder emitter and chip compensation emitter;when the emitter type was the same,the larger the rated flow rate was,the better the anti clogging performance was;the clogging process was more uniform and starts from the end of capillary;the type of blockage was physical and biological compound blockage.According to the test results,the optimal irrigation mode for biogas slurry fertilization was suggested as followed:the ratio of water and fertilizer was 1∶3,the irrigation pressure was 80 kPa,and the emitter was 3 L·h^(-1);single stage 120 mesh filter was limited,so multi-stage filter could be added.

关 键 词：沼液滴灌 滴头类型 堵塞性能试验 平均相对流量 灌水均匀度 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]