亚热带同质园不同人工林的生物量和林下植被多样性差异  

Difference of biomass and understory vegetation diversity among different subtropical plantations in common gardens

作　　者：刘宣 肖洒 朱鹏[1] 杜婷 李济宏 洪宗文 袁春阳 兰婷[1] 李晗[1] 谭波[1] 徐振锋[1] 张健[1] 游成铭 LIU Xuan;XIAO Sa;ZHU Peng;DU Ting;LI Jihong;HONG Zongwen;YUAN Chunyang;LAN Ting;LI Han;TAN Bo;XU Zhenfeng;ZHANG Jian;YOU Chengming(Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River/Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and EcologicalSafety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River/Permanent Scientific Research Base for Plantation Ecosystem in Rainy Area of West China/Institute of Ecology&Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Suining Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Chuanshan District,Suining 629000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室/长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室/华西雨屏区人工林生态系统研究长期科研基地/生态林业研究所,四川成都611130 [2]遂宁市船山区自然资源和规划局,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2022年第4期717-726,共10页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川重点实验室开放课题(2020KFKT01);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31870602,31901295,32071745);四川省优秀青年科技基金资助项目(20JCQN0145);中国博士后科学基金(2020M673278)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同林分的生物量及林下植被多样性差异,为营建亚热带人工林筛选适生的珍贵乡土阔叶树种。【方法】以四川农业大学崇州基地同质园试验中大叶樟Cinnamomum platyphyllum、油樟C.longepaniculatum、天竺桂C.japonicum、樟树C.camphora、桤木Alnus cremastogyne、香椿Toona sinensis、红椿T.ciliata等7个阔叶树种林分为研究对象,通过测定各树种平均树高、平均胸径、林下植被多样性等指标,量化树种对生物量及林下植被多样性的影响。【结果】不同树种全株生物量存在显著差异(P<0.05),大叶樟的生物量最高,其次是桤木和红椿,天竺桂最低。树种各器官生物量存在显著差异(P<0.05),整体表现为干>根、枝>叶,并且大叶樟各器官生物量均最高,天竺桂各器官生物量均最低。各器官生物量占全株生物量比例在树种间存在显著差异(P<0.05),但树种大小排序无一致性规律。不同功能群之间的全株、叶、枝及干生物量无显著差异,但常绿树种的根生物量、根生物量占比和根冠比显著高于落叶树种(P<0.05),枝和干生物量占比则相反。落叶树种林分林下草本多样性显著高于常绿树种林分(P<0.05),并且红椿、桤木和香椿林分林下草本的Simpson指数显著高于天竺桂、樟树、大叶樟和油樟林分,红椿林分的林下草本Shannon-Wiener指数显著高于其他6个林分(P<0.05)。【结论】研究区培育落叶树种有利于人工林的物质循环和生物多样性保育,并且相较于其他乡土树种,选择桤木和红椿作为培育树种更有利于亚热带人工林的可持续经营与管理。图6表2参37。[Objective] The objective is to explore the differences of biomass and understory vegetation diversity in different stands,and to screen suitable and precious native broad-leaved tree species for subtropical plantations.[Method] Seven broad-leaved tree species(Cinnamomum platyphyllum,C.longepaniculatum,C.japonicum,C.camphora,Alnus cremastogyne,Toona sinensis and T.ciliata) were selected as the research objects in the common garden experiment in Chongzhou Base of Sichuan Agricultural University.The impact of tree species on biomass and understory vegetation diversity was quantified by measuring the average tree height,average diameter at breast height,and understory vegetation species of each tree species.[Result] There were significant differences in total plant biomass among different tree species(P<0.05).C.platyphyllum had the highest biomass,followed by A.cremastogyne and T.ciliata,and the lowest was C.japonicum.There were significant differences in the biomass of various organs of tree species(P<0.05),and the order from large to small was trunk,root,branch,and leaf.In general,the biomass of each organ of C.platyphyllum was the highest and the biomass of each organ of C.japonicum was the lowest.There were significant differences in the proportion of organ biomass to whole plant biomass among tree species(P<0.05),but there was no consistent rule in the size ranking among tree species.There was no significant difference in whole plant,leaf,branch and trunk biomass among different functional groups.However,the root biomass,proportion of root biomass and root shoot ratio of evergreen tree species were significantly higher than those of deciduous tree species(P< 0.05),while the proportion of branch and trunk biomass was the opposite.The diversity of understory vegetation in deciduous tree stand was significantly higher than that in evergreen tree stand(P<0.05),and the Simpson index of understory herbaceous in T.ciliata,A.cremastogyne and T.sinensis stands were significantly higher than that of C.japonicum,C.camphor

关 键 词：亚热带人工林 同质园 阔叶树种 生物量 林下植被多样性 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]