木本植物不定根发生机制研究进展  

Research advances in the mechanism of adventitious root occurrence in woody species

作　　者：苗大鹏 贾瑞瑞 李胜皓 席烁 朱葛 文书生 MIAO Dapeng;JIA Ruirui;LI Shenghao;XI Shuo;ZHU Ge;WEN Shusheng(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2022年第4期902-912,共11页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32001359);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20180771);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);南京林业大学青年科技创新基金(CX2018026);南京林业大学大学生创新训练计划项目(2021NFUSPITP0015)。

摘　　要：不定根是植物的茎或叶等非中柱鞘组织产生的根,不定根发生困难是诸多木本植物无性繁殖和工厂化育苗的瓶颈问题,然而相关机制尚不明晰。目前,对于木本植物不定根发生机理的研究主要包括3个方面:(1)根原基的形成是不定根发生的关键,利用石蜡切片技术对根原基的形成时间和部位进行观察,同时依据组织形态观察结果将不定根发生过程划分为3个主要时期。(2)不定根发生是一个复杂的生理生化过程,内源激素含量和生根关联酶活性的动态变化在不定根发生过程中发挥着重要调控作用。此外,营养物质、酚类物质以及多胺等物质也被认为是影响不定根发生的重要因素。(3)探究了部分木本植物不定根发生过程中的关键代谢通路,并挖掘出多个调控不定根发生的基因,鉴定出诸多参与不定根发生的转录因子和非编码的微小核糖核酸(microRNA)。综上,本研究系统概述了木本植物不定根发生的组织学、生理学和分子调控机制的研究进展,并展望了未来该领域的可行性研究方向。表1参80。The difficulty in the occurrence of adventitious roots which are produced by non-pericyclic tissues such as stems and leaves of plants,has been a bottleneck problem for the asexual reproduction and industrialized seedling raising of many woody species.However,there hasn’t been a clear concept about the working mechanism of adventitious root occurrence,related mechanism is still unclear.At present,the research progress on the mainly includes the following three aspects:(1) With the formation time and position of root observed by paraffin section technology,it was found that the formation of root primordium is the key to adventitious roots and the process of adventitious root formation can be divided into three main periods according to the observation results of tissue morphology.(2) Adventitious root development is a complex physiological and biochemical process in which the dynamic changes of endogenous hormone content and rooting related enzyme activity play an important regulatory role with nutrients,phenols and polyamines as important influencing factors.(3) Efforts have been made to explore the key metabolic pathways in the process of adventitious root formation in some woody species,excavate the genes regulating adventitious root occurrence and identify the transcription factors and noncoding microRNAs involved in adventitious root occurrence.With a systematic summary of the research progress of histology,physiology and molecular regulation mechanism of adventitious root occurrence in woody species,this paper has provided an insight into future research direction in this field.[Ch,1 tab.80 ref.]

关 键 词：木本植物 不定根 解剖观察 生理指标 分子机制 

分 类 号：S718.3[农业科学—林学]