可持续发展目标下农作物秸秆收集运输的碳减排优化分析  

Optimization analysis of carbon emission reduction from crop straw collection and transportation under the sustainable development goals

作　　者：刘城宇 贺正楚[1] 卢小龙 Liu Chengyu;He Zhengchu;Lu Xiaolong(School of Economics and Management,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Energy Engineering Group Hunan Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学经济与管理学院,长沙410114 [2]中国能源建设集团湖南省电力设计院有限公司,长沙410007

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第10期239-248,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题(XSP22ZDIO19);国家社会科学基金项目(19BGL170);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2018B525)。

摘　　要：在可持续发展目标下,加强农作物秸秆的回收利用是解决农村地区资源浪费和环境污染问题的重要途径。该研究以在方形区域收集秸秆的生物质电厂收集运输系统为研究对象,着重从碳减排视角构建秸秆收集运输模型,优化求解运输排放外部成本最小的收储点个数与回收距离。通过与不同收集系统的对比分析,综合评价所建系统在经济、环境、效率方面的优势以及与可持续发展目标的联系,提出推动秸秆资源低碳回收和高效利用的政策建议。基于河北省统计数据的研究结果显示:河北省秸秆资源丰富,绝大部分地区已具备良好的收集条件,仅廊坊、沧州、唐山的资源供需匹配度较低;所建系统在电厂外围安置12个收储点,没有收集盲区,避免了资源浪费,收集效率提高18.75%,碳排放外部成本减少83.98%,环境问题得到有效控制;此外,该系统还为环境保护、减少贫困、公共卫生和资源利用相关的10个可持续发展目标提供了多维度支撑。该研究设计的高效收集运输系统,提供了生物质能开发的低碳路径,对进一步构建农村生物质循环供能的闭环供应链一体化系统工程、推动农村地区的农业现代化和可持续能源发展,具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。Recycling and utilization of crop straw have been one of the most important ways to treat the resource waste and environmental pollution in rural areas in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.In this study,a collection and transportation model was established to optimize the number and the recovery distance of storage points with the carbon emission reduction from the straw collection.A research object was taken as the collection and transportation system with a square area in the biomass power plant in Hebei Province of China.A systematic investigation was made on the resource distribution,biomass potential and household power consumption demand,further to evaluate the matching degree of straw resources supply and demand in various cities.Different collection systems were compared under the direct combustion and gasification power generation from the perspective of collection range and emission.The constructed system was then comprehensively evaluated in terms of economy,environment,and efficiency.According to the sustainable development goals,some recommendations were proposed to promote the low-carbon recovery and efficient utilization of straw resources.The research results show that there were excellent collection conditions in most areas rich in straw resources,with an annual output of 44.755 million tons.The straw output per unit area was 645.97 t/km~2 in the study area.There were high power demands in Langfang,Cangzhou,and Tangshan Cities,but the supply of straw was tight,indicating the low matching degree of resource supply and demand.The straw collection and transportation system with the best emission reduction benefits was set as 12 collection storage points around the power plant,where the vertical distance between each collection storage point and the recycling boundary was 0.25R(R is the vertical distance from the power plant to the collection boundary).The transportation emissions were reduced by 83.98%,and the regional greenhouse effect was effectively controlled in the

关 键 词：农业 生物质 发电 可持续发展目标 农作物秸秆 收集运输系统 碳减排 

分 类 号：TM619[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]