兔绒理化性质与分梳工艺关系分析  

Detection and Analysis of Physicochemical Properties of Rabbit Cashmere

作　　者：高源洁 王锦辉 朱哲 陈悟 GAO Yuan-jie;WANG Jin-hui;ZHU Zhe;CHEN Wu(Technical Research Institute,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan Hubei 430200,China;National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan Hubei 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学技术研究院,湖北武汉430200 [2]武汉纺织大学先进纺纱织造及清洁生产国家地方联合工程实验室,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《武汉纺织大学学报》2022年第4期3-7,共5页Journal of Wuhan Textile University

摘　　要：针对兔绒自身的理化性质以及在梳理过程中的兔绒纤维性质变化进行实验研究,实验依照国标《GB/T 13835兔毛纤维试验方法》和行业相关标准进行,在实验过程中使用手排长度法、索氏提取法、控制变量法等实验方法,针对同一批生产过程中的兔绒原绒、兔绒无毛绒为检测目标进行对照试验,对二者纤维细度、长度、纵向结构及含油率进行检测分析。结果表明,兔绒无毛绒比兔绒原绒纤维平均细度降低了2.84μm,纤维长度降低7.25mm,纤维长度降低幅度约为20.45%,含油率降低0.24%,兔绒无毛绒鳞片结构出现轻微损伤。该结果表明该分梳设备将原绒中的粗毛排出,在开松、梳理、除杂过程中对纤维长度造成损伤,在梳理过程中,纤维中部分液态油脂与金属针布接触时,由于金属快速导热的特性会使纤维中液态油脂降温,凝聚在金属表面,导致兔绒无毛绒含油率有所降低。实验为车间生产中的实践过程提供数据支持及原因分析,针对兔绒的梳理、纺纱工艺方面提出优化,为兔绒及其加工技术提供基础数据与资料。Experimental research is carried out on the physical and chemical properties of rabbit hair itself and the changes in the properties of rabbit hair fibers during the carding process.Method:Soxhlet extraction method,control variable method and other experimental methods,the control test was carried out for the raw rabbit cashmere and rabbit cashmere wool in the same production process as the detection target,and the fiber fineness,length,longitudinal structure and Oil content was tested and analyzed.The results showed that the average fiber fineness of rabbit hairless wool was reduced by 2.84μm,the fiber length was reduced by 7.25 mm,the fiber length was reduced by about 20.45%,and the oil content was reduced by 0.24%compared with the rabbit wool raw wool.Minor damage occurred.The results show that the carding device discharges the coarse hair in the raw wool,and damages the fiber length during the process of opening,carding and impurity removal.During the carding process,when part of the liquid grease in the fiber contacts the metal card clothing,due to the fact that rapid thermal conductivity of metal will cool the liquid oil in the fiber and condense on the metal surface,resulting in a decrease in the oil content of the rabbit fleece.The experiment provides data support and reason analysis for the practical process in the workshop production,proposes optimization for the carding and spinning process of rabbit fleece,and provides basic data and information for rabbit fleece and its processing technology.

关 键 词：兔绒 理化性质 生产工艺 分梳 扫描电子显微镜 

分 类 号：TS107.1[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]