橡胶弹热效应的研究现状与展望  

Current State and Prospects of Rubber Elastocaloric Effect

作　　者：王玉梅 杨萌[1] 刘斌[1] Wang Yumei;Yang Meng;Liu Bin(Tianjin Key Lab of Refrigeration Technology,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin,300134,China)

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学天津市制冷技术重点实验室,天津300134

出　　处：《制冷学报》2022年第4期1-11,共11页Journal of Refrigeration

摘　　要：弹热制冷因具有较高的制冷效率和比制冷功率等特点,被认为是最有希望替代传统蒸气压缩技术的新型高效制冷技术之一。本文从橡胶弹热效应的热力学基础、动力学理论、橡胶工质及以橡胶为制冷工质的制冷循环进行分析与讨论,为国内外开展橡胶弹热效应的研究提供参考。根据文献资料可知,天然橡胶的弹热性能最好,在0℃的环境温度下应变为6,可实现的最大温变为12 K。对天然橡胶加捻-解捻过程可以实现更高的温度变化,缩小制冷系统的体积,当应变为3时,实现的最大温变为12.9 K,是未加捻橡胶的5.4倍。目前,对橡胶弹热效应的理论研究已经相对成熟,但原型机的开发有限,需进一步开发推进以天然橡胶为工质的弹热制冷技术的实际应用。因此,本文谨慎的认为天然橡胶在弹热制冷技术应用中存在很大潜能。Elastocaloric refrigeration technology is considered one of the most promising new high-efficiency refrigeration technologies for replacing conventional vapor compression technology,owing to its high refrigeration efficiency and specific refrigeration power.This paper analyzes and discusses the thermodynamic basis,dynamic theory,materials,and refrigeration cycle as a reference for investigations of the elastocaloric effect of rubber.According to the literature,natural rubber features the best elastic and thermal properties,with a strain of 6 at 0℃and a maximum temperature change of 12 K.Twisting natural rubber results in a higher temperature change and can reduce the volume of the refrigeration system.When the strain is 3,the maximum temperature change is 12.9 K,which is 5.4 times that of the untwisted rubber.Theoretical studies regarding the elastocaloric effect of rubber are relatively mature;however,the development of cooling prototype is limited.Further development is required to promote the practical application of elastocaloric refrigeration technology using natural rubber as the working medium.Thus,it is possible to claim that using natural rubber in elastocaloric refrigeration technology is promising.

关 键 词：固态制冷 弹热效应 制冷循环 橡胶 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TQ330.7[化学工程—橡胶工业]