基于镍钛片的弹热冰箱设计与仿真研究  

Design and Simulation of Elastocaloric Refrigerator Based on Ni-Ti Plate

作　　者：陈炎亮 王尧 孙文[2] 刘剑[2] 钱苏昕 Chen Yanliang;Wang Yao;Sun Wen;Liu Jian;Qian Suxin(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an,710049,China;Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Science,Ningbo,315201,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,宁波315201

出　　处：《制冷学报》2022年第4期59-68,共10页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51976149)资助项目。

摘　　要：弹热制冷通过单轴应力驱动弹热工质发生相变而产生制冷作用,由于其具有较高的理论制冷效率且温室效应为零,因此被认为是一种替代传统蒸气压缩式制冷的新型固态相变制冷技术。本研究团队从提升弹热原型机紧凑型角度出发,已研发了两代基于拉伸镍钛丝的弹热冰箱。为进一步提升弹热冰箱的制冷性能,本文使用镍钛片替换镍钛丝作为弹热工质,设计了第三代弹热冰箱,并构建系统仿真模型。通过仿真预测了第三代弹热冰箱的性能,结果表明:相较于前两代弹热冰箱,性能均有提升。在绝热工况下,第三代弹热冰箱将能够实现12℃的制冷温差,在热端散热工况下,弹热冰箱能实现11.4℃的冷端温降以及零温差下0.59 W/g的制冷功率。通过增加拉伸应变、更换潜热更大厚度更薄的弹热工质以及增大电机转速,弹热冰箱在32℃环温条件下能够维持10.7℃的冷藏温度。Elastocaloric cooling is based on the phase transition of elastocaloric materials and is driven by uniaxial stress.Elastocaloric cooling technology affords high theoretical refrigeration efficiency and does not result in greenhouse effects;hence,it has been considered an alternative to conventional vapor compression cooling technology.This study focuses on improving the compactness of a prototype elastocaloric refrigerator developed by stretching Ni-Ti wires.Ni-Ti plates are used to substitute Ni-Ti wires as elastocaloric materials to further improve the cooling performance of the elastocaloric refrigerator.In this study,we fabricate a third-generation elastocaloric refrigerator and develop a system-simulation model to predict its performance.The performance of the third-generation prototype is significantly better than those of previous versions;the third-generation elastocaloric refrigerator achieved temperature spans of up to 12℃and 11.4℃under adiabatic and cooling conditions,respectively.The refrigerator affords a cooling power density of up to 0.59 W/g under the zero temperature span condition.By increasing the strain and motor speed and using thinner elastocaloric materials with higher latent heat,the third-generation refrigerator is expected to maintain a temperature of 10.7℃in the refrigerant cabinet at an ambient temperature of 32℃.

关 键 词：固态相变制冷 弹热制冷 形状记忆合金 镍钛合金 冰箱 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB64[化学工程] TQ051.5