室温磁工质与磁制冷机的研究和开发  

Research and Development of Room-temperature Magnetic Refrigerant and Magnetic Refrigerator

作　　者：高磊 黄焦宏[1] 张英德[1] 郭亚茹 王鹏宇 欧志强[2] Gao Lei;Huang Jiaohong;Zhang Yingde;Guo Yaru;Wang Pengyu;Ou Zhiqiang(State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization,Baotou Re-search Institute of Rare Earths,Baotou,014010,China;College of Physics and Electronic Information,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Huhehot,010000,China)

机构地区：[1]包头稀土研究院白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用国家重点实验室,包头014010 [2]内蒙古师范大学物理与电子信息学院,呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《制冷学报》2022年第4期77-87,共11页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2021)—稀土新材料(2021YFB3501200)资助项目。

摘　　要：室温磁制冷作为一种高能效、环境友好和运行可靠的制冷技术,具有广阔的应用前景。室温磁制冷技术利用磁工质的磁热效应以及AMR循环实现制冷。在过去数十年的探索中,室温磁制冷的研究主要集中于磁工质的研发和磁制冷机的设计。本文综述了目前已开发的几种典型的室温磁工质以及研制的磁制冷样机。目前研究较丰富的室温磁工质主要包括稀土金属Gd及其合金、NaZn_(13)型La(Fe,Si)_(13)系合金以及Fe_(2)P型MnFePAs系合金,本文对它们的磁热性能进行对比并分析存在的实际应用问题。基于运行方式的不同,目前研制的磁制冷样机主要分为往复式和旋转式,介绍了不同研究机构研发的磁制冷样机的实验参数与制冷性能。回顾了室温磁制冷技术在不同领域已取得的实际应用,并对该技术未来的发展趋势进行展望。Room-temperature magnetic refrigeration has broad application prospects as a high-energy efficient,environmentally friendly,and reliable refrigeration technology.In the past decades,research concerning room-temperature magnetic refrigeration has primarily focused on developing magnetic refrigerants and designing magnetic refrigerators.This paper summarizes several typical room-temperature magnetic refrigerants and magnetic refrigerators that have been investigated and developed.Room-temperature magnetic refrigerants currently being investigated primarily include rare earth metal Gd and its alloys,NaZn_(13)-type La(Fe,Si)_(13) series alloys,and Fe_(2)P-type Mn-FePA series alloys.Their magnetocaloric performances are compared and existing application problems are presented.The existing magnetic refrigerators are primarily classified into reciprocating and rotary magnetic refrigerators based on their operation mode.The operating parameters and refrigeration performance of magnetic refrigerators developed by different research institutions are introduced.In addition,the practical applications of room-temperature magnetic refrigeration technology in different fields are reviewed,and the development trend and perspective of this technology is discussed.

关 键 词：室温磁制冷 磁热效应 磁工质 磁制冷机 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB612