Species clarification of the prize medicinal Ganoderma mushroom“Lingzhi”  

作　　者：Yun Cao Sheng-Hua Wu Yu-Cheng Dai 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110164,China [2]Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Department of Botany,National Museum of Natural Science,Taichung 404,Taiwan [4]Department of Plant Pathology,National Chunghsing University,Taichung 402,Taiwan e-mail:[e-mail] [5]Institute of Microbiology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China e-mail:[e-mail]

出　　处：《Fungal Diversity》2012年第5期49-62,共14页真菌多样性（英文）

基　　金：financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project Nos.30910103907,31070022).

摘　　要：“Lingzhi”is a mushroom that has been renowned in China for more than 2,000 years because of its claimed medicinal properties plus its symbolic fortune.“Lingzhi”has high economic value mostly as a dietary supplement in the modern market especially in East Asia,and its medicinal functions have become a hot study topic.For over a century,the highly prized medicinal fungus,known as“Lingzhi”in East Asia,has been assigned to Ganoderma lucidum,a species originally described from Europe.Molecular studies in recent years have revealed that the commercially cultivated‘G.lucidum’(“Lingzhi”)in East Asia is a different species from the true G.lucidum.The present study aims to clarify the species identity of“Lingzhi”based on morphological studies and analysis of rDNA nuc-ITS sequences,and additional gene fragments of mt-SSU,RPB1,RPB2,and TEF1-αof“Lingzhi”were provided.All Ganoderma species that mostly resemble“Lingzhi”in phylogeny and/or morphology were included for analysis.We propose a new species G.lingzhi for“Lingzhi”,which has an East Asia distribution.The most striking characteristics which differentiate G.lingzhi from G.lucidum are the presence of melanoid bands in the context,a yellow pore surface and thick dissepiments(80–120μm)at maturity.G.curtisii is most closely related to G.lingzhi in phylogeny and is from North America.Ganoderma flexipes,G.multipileum,G.sichuanense,G.tropicum and‘G.tsugae’,are also closely related with G.lingzhi and are reported from China.These species are compared and discussed.‘Ganoderma tsuage’reported from China is determined as conspecific with G.lucidum,hence the distribution of G.lucidum extends from Europe to northeastern China.

关 键 词：GANODERMATACEAE Ganoderma lingzhi G lucidum Medicinal fungus Phylogeny Taxonomy 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]