Neotyphodium fungal endophyte in tall fescue (Schedonorus phoenix): a comparison of three Northern European wild populations and the cultivar Kentucky-31  

作　　者：Pedro E.Gundel Marjo Helander Cecilia Casas Cyd E.Hamilton Stanley H.Faeth Kari Saikkonen 

机构地区：[1]MTT Agrifood Research Finland,Plant Production Research,31600 Jokioinen,Finland [2]IFEVA-CONICET–Faculty of Agronomy,Buenos Aires University(UBA),Buenos Aires,Argentina [3]Department of Biology,Section of Ecology,University of Turku,20014 Turku,Finland [4]Soil Science Division,Faculty of Agronomy,Buenos Aires University(UBA),Buenos Aires,Argentina [5]Department of Biology,University of North Carolina,Greensboro,NC 27402-6170,USA

出　　处：《Fungal Diversity》2013年第3期15-24,共10页真菌多样性（英文）

基　　金：supported by Finnish Academy grants 213401 and 209210;Turku University Foundation.

摘　　要：Pooideae grasses may be colonized by systemic fungal endophytes.The fitness of endophyte depends entirely on resources and seed transmission from the host plant,while colonized plants may gain increased survival,growth,and reproduction relative to their uncolonized conspecifics.Most research of endophyte-grass interactions have been carried out on few cultivars of tall fescue(Schedonorus phoenix)and their symbiont Neotyphodium coenophialum.Lack of studies using wild populations of tall fescue across the species natural distribution range,however,limits the understanding of the ecological and evolutionary role of the symbiosis in nature.We performed a common garden experiment in Southern Finland with three wild,tall fescue populations from northern Europe and the forage cultivar Kentucky-31(KY-31).For each population,we used naturally endophyte-colonized,naturally endophytecolonized but endophyte removed(decolonized),and naturally uncolonized plants to separate effects due to the host genotype from the endophyte.We evaluated growth variables and survival in four environmental treatments of varying water and nutrients.Supply of water and nutrients increased plant biomass and reproductive effort in all populations.This effect was higher for KY-31 plants which produced on average 55%more seeds than wild plants,indicating better adaptation to high resource environments.However,the higher incidence of Claviceps sp.and the low winter survival indicated KY-31 tall fescue is mal-adapted to Northern European conditions.Naturally colonized plants had greater plant biomass(≈12%),reproductive effort(≈22%)and seed mass(≈29%)than naturally uncolonized and decolonized plants.Nonetheless,endophyte colonization did not affect plant survival,and the effects of endophyte colonization on tiller number,panicle/tiller ratio and Claviceps sp.incidence depended on the population origin.In the wild populations,endophyte removal only reduced the number of tillers(≈29%lower),while the difference between naturally colonized and natur

关 键 词：Plant-microbial symbiosis Grass SYMBIOSIS Vertically transmitted symbiont CLAVICEPS 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]