煤与共伴生战略性金属矿产协调开采理论与技术构想  

Research framework of theory and technology for coordinated mining of coal and its co-existed and associated strategic metal minerals

作　　者：黄炳香[1] 赵兴龙[1] 余斌 贺桂成 岳中文[4] 杨成祥[5] 王长申[6] 孟庆彬[7] 杨玉贵[7] 刘江峰 冯秀娟 陈大勇[1] 邢岳堃 朱卫兵[1] 段晓恒 鞠金峰[9] HUANG Bingxiang;ZHAO Xinglong;YU Bin;HE Guicheng;YUE Zhongwen;YANG Chengxiang;WANG Changshen;MENG Qingbin;YANG Yugui;LIU Jiangfeng;FENG Xiujuan;CHEN Dayang;XING Yuekun;ZHU Weibing;DUAN Xiaoheng;JU Jinfeng(State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Mine Engineering and Research Institute,BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China;School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Education Ministry on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Research and Design Institute of Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,The Fourth Research and Design Engineering Corporation of CNNC,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;CUMT-IoT Perception Mine Research Center,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [2]矿冶科技集团有限公司矿山工程研究设计所,北京100160 [3]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [4]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [5]东北大学深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819 [6]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [7]中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [8]中核第四研究设计工程有限公司铀矿冶研究设计所,河北石家庄050021 [9]中国矿业大学物联网研究中心,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2022年第7期2516-2533,共18页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFC2902100)。

摘　　要：煤与煤系共伴生矿产协调开采是国家重大战略需求。我国煤系共伴生有铝、铀、铁、镓等22种战略性金属矿产,种类多、储量丰富、与煤层叠置,赋存状态与开采方法差异大,各矿产开采的岩层活动、流体迁移等影响彼此正常开采。传统煤矿仅开采煤炭,对煤系共伴生矿产考虑较少或没有考虑,导致资源浪费;近些年国内开始出现煤与共伴生矿产开采的矛盾,煤与共伴生矿产协调开采迫在眉睫。面向煤系全部共伴生战略性金属矿产,聚焦典型代表性的煤系铝土矿和铀矿,保障研究成果的通用性。煤与共伴生矿产协调开采亟需解决的核心共性重大科学问题是:协调开采的固液气应力场、渗流场、化学场、微生物场、采动裂隙场耦合机制及岩层活动叠加影响规律。亟需攻克的关键技术包括:煤与共伴生矿产协调、协同及共采的分区错时协调开采技术、减振高效爆破开挖技术、水位主动调控技术、污染物的微生物原位还原-矿化治理技术。针对协调开采的重大科学问题和关键技术,研究揭示协调开采多相多场耦合机制与岩层活动叠加影响规律,提出协调开采成套方法,研发协调开采关键技术与装备,构建全资源、全生命周期协调开采规划理论,制定协调开采技术标准,形成通用性的协调开采理论与技术体系,保障各矿产开采活动不影响彼此正常开采。实现煤与共伴生矿产可持续绿色协调性开采,释放矿产储量,保障资源集约开发,经济社会效益显著。The coordinated mining of coal and its co-existed and associated minerals is a major national strategy.China’s coal measures are associated with 22 kinds of strategic metal minerals such as aluminum,uranium,iron,and gallium.They have many kinds and large resources,overlap with coal seams,and have great differences in occurrences and mining methods.The rock stratum activities and fluid migration of each mineral affect each other’s normal mining operations.Traditional coal mines only focus on coal mining,with little or no consideration on the extraction of the co-existed and associated minerals of coal measures,resulting in the waste of mineral resources.In recent years,the contradiction between coal and its co-existed and associated mineral mining has begun to draw attention in China,and the coordinated mining of coal and its co-existed and associated minerals is imminent.Aiming at all the co-existed and associated strategic metal minerals of coal measures,this study focuses on the typical and representative coal measures with bauxite and uranium to ensure the versatility of research results.The core common scientific issues that need to be solved urgently in the coordinated mining of coal and its co-existed and associated minerals are the coupling mechanism of three-phase including solid-liquid-gas and five-field including stress field,seepage field,chemical field,microbial field,and mining fracture field,and the superimposed influence law of rock formation activities.The key technologies that need to be overcome urgently in the coordinated mining of coal and its co-existed and associated minerals include the zoning and staggered mining technology of coordinated,collaborative and co-mining,the high-efficiency blasting and excavation technology with vibration reduction,the water level active control technology,and the in-situ reduction and mineralization treatment technology with microbial for pollutants.Aiming at the key scientific issues and key technologies of coordinated mining,the coupling mechanism of mu

关 键 词：协调开采 战略性金属 煤系 共伴生矿产 多相多场耦合 岩层活动叠加 全生命周期采矿 

分 类 号：P618.11[天文地球—矿床学] TD82[天文地球—地质学]