大倾角煤层长壁开采围岩应力传递路径时空演化特征  

Space-time evolution characteristics of stress transfer path of surrounding rock in longwall mining of steeply dipping seam

作　　者：罗生虎[1,2] 王同[2,3] 伍永平 田程阳[1] 郎丁 赵华涛[4] LUO Shenghu;WANG Tong;WU Yongping;TIAN Chengyang;LANG Ding;ZHAO Huatao(College of Sciences,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploitation and Hazard Prevention under Ministry of Education,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;School of Energy Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Shandong Mining Machinery Group Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学理学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054 [4]山东矿机集团股份有限公司,山东潍坊261000

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2022年第7期2534-2545,共12页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974227,51974230);山东省重大科技创新工程资助项目(2019JZZY020326)。

摘　　要：大倾角煤层开采中,受煤层倾角影响,采动应力在顶板岩层中的动态演化规律较一般煤层开采时复杂,发现并揭示采动应力的传递路径与宏观展布形态的演化特征是实现该类煤层安全高效开采的基石。以某矿25221工作面为工程背景,采用模拟实验、数值模拟、理论分析互馈的研究手段,在厘定围岩宏观结构演化规律的基础上,量化了围岩空间主应力包络面空间展布形态,揭示了围岩采动应力传递路径时空演化特征。研究结果表明:在大倾角煤层开采中,围岩破坏拱壳形态在高度上呈现先增大后趋于稳定的特征,倾向上、下端头位置处,壳基随着推进距离的增大而向深处煤体内偏移后趋于稳定;围岩应力包络拱壳呈现壳顶在工作面倾向中上部、壳基在采场四周煤体内的非对称拱壳体形态;围岩支承压力峰值的演化分为峰值增长区与稳定区;主应力受采动影响在煤壁前方呈现出先增大后减小的变化规律,而在采空区中部3者均下降且第一主应力下降幅度最大;第一主应力受采动影响,其应力传递路径可分为原岩应力区、应力增高区、应力降低区3个区域;应力增高区内,第一主应力在Z轴分量增加幅度最大,其方向自垂直于Y轴平面内旋转。研究结果揭示了顶板宏观应力拱壳与应力传递路径演化一般规律,丰富了大倾角煤层岩层控制理论。The spatial distribution pattern and the transmission path of mining stress in the roof of a steeply dipping seam are more complicated than that in a horizontal coal seam affected by the angle of the coal seam during the mining process of steeply dipping coal seams.Discovering and revealing the macroscopic distribution of mining stress and the evolution characteristics of the stress transfer path are the cornerstones for the safe and efficient mining of this type of coal.Taking 25221 working face of a mine as engineering background,this paper adopted the comprehensive research methods of simulation experiment,numerical simulation,and theoretical analysis.On the basis of determining the macroscopic structural evolution law of the surrounding rock of the coal seam,the spatial distribution of the principal stress enveloped arch shell in the surrounding rock space was quantified,and the space-time evolution characteristics of the mining stress transfer path of surrounding rock were revealed.The results show that the shape of surrounding rock failure arch-shell increases first and then tends to be stable in height during the mining process of the steeply dipping seam.With the increase of the advancing distance,the shell base at the headgate T-junction and tailgate T-junction of working face shifts to the deep coal pillar and then tends to be stable.The surrounding rock stress envelope arch shell presents an asymmetric arch shell with the top in the middle and upper part of the working face and the base in the coal body around the stope.The evolution of the abutment pressure peak can be divided into growth area and stable area.The principal stress first increases and then decreases in front of the coal wall under the influence of mining,while in the middle of the mined-out area,the three all decrease,and the first principal stress decreases the most.The transfer path of the first principal stress affected by mining can be divided into three areas:original area,increasing area,and decreasing area.In the increasing area,

关 键 词：大倾角煤层 应力拱壳 支承压力 主应力 应力传递路径 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]