植物生长调节剂对冬小麦茎秆性状及子粒产量的调控效应  

Regulation effects of plant growth regulator on stem characters and grain yield of winter wheat

作　　者：苏玉环[1] 马永安[1] 陈冬梅[1] 刘庆芳 李小康 刘保华[1] 王伟 王雪香[1] SU Yu-huan;MA Yong-an;CHEN Dong-mei;LIU Qing-fang;LI Xiao-kang;LIU Bao-hua;WANG Wei;WANG Xue-xiang(Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Handan 056001,Hebei,China;Guantao County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guantao 057750,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]邯郸市农业科学院,河北邯郸056001 [2]馆陶县农业农村局,河北馆陶057750

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第14期24-28,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省农业科技成果转化资金项目(20826412D);河北省现代种业科技创新团队项目(21326318D-3);财政部和农业农村部国家小麦产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-03);邯郸市小麦育种与栽培技术创新中心。

摘　　要：以黄淮北部麦区生产上大面积推广的小麦品种邯麦19为供试材料,研究了不同生育时期喷施植物生长调节剂对小麦茎秆性状及子粒产量的调控。结果表明,与对照相比,植物生长调节剂可以显著降低小麦株高、重心高度和基部一、二节间长度,提高基二节机械强度,降低倒伏指数,对茎秆的壁厚、直径的调节效应因喷施时期和化控剂的种类不同而存在差异。其中,多效唑可降低株高6.4~12.3 cm,重心高度降幅达到6.18%~18.12%,机械强度增幅达到5.66%~9.53%,基部一、二节间分别缩短1.98~2.93 cm、0.66~1.03 cm,倒伏指数降幅15.03%~21.66%。植物生长调节剂可以增加子粒产量,其中起身期喷施多效唑增产的效果显著,产量增幅为5.15%。综合分析认为,起身期喷施多效唑为最佳处理,给高产小麦合理选用化控剂提供了参考。The Hanmai 19 wheat variety widely popularized in the production of wheat in the northern Huanghuai region was used as the test material to study the regulation of stalk traits and grain yield in wheat by spraying plant growth regulators at different growth periods.The results showed that compared with the control,the plant growth regulator could significantly reduce the plant height,the height of the center of gravity and the length of the first and second internodes at the base of wheat,improve the mechanical strength of the second internode at the base,and reduce the lodging index.And the adjustment effect of thickness and diameter varied with the spray period and the type of chemical control agents.Among them,paclobutrazol could reduce the plant height by 6.4~12.3 cm,the height of the center of gravity could be reduced by 6.18%~18.12%,the mechanical strength could be increased by 5.66%~9.53%,and the first and second nodes at the base could be shortened by 1.98~2.93 cm and 0.66~1.03 cm respectively,the lodging index decreased by 15.03%~21.66%.Plant growth regulators could increase grain yield.Among them,spraying paclobutrazol at the rising stage had a significant effect of increasing yield,with a yield increase of 5.15%.The comprehensive analysis showed that spraying paclobutrazol during the stand-up period was the best treatment,which provided a scientific basis for the rational selection of chemical control agents for high-yield wheat.

关 键 词：植物生长调节剂 茎秆性状 子粒产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]