整体性治理视野下的口岸管理现代化:理论逻辑、兴起动因与实践路径  

Border Management Modernization from the Perspective of Holistic Governance:Theoretical Logic,Rising Motivation and Practical Path

作　　者：王菲易 黄胜强 Wang Feiyi;Huang Shengqiang

机构地区：[1]上海海关学院海关与公共管理学院 [2]上海海关学院

出　　处：《海关与经贸研究》2022年第2期1-26,共26页Journal of Customs and Trade

基　　金：国家社会科学基金特别委托项目“中国海关史”(项目编号:21@ZH045);国家社科基金项目“海关监管视角下的我国自由贸易区的政府管理体制研究”(项目编号:14CZZ026);上海市重点教改项目“国家生物安全治理视阈下海关检验检疫安全人才培养模式研究与实践”(项目编号:3204157A2020);上海海关学院“海关与公共管理学科基础课程”院级教学团队(项目编号:3205038A1901)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：20世纪90年代开始,许多国家先后实施国内口岸管理体制和执法机制改革并开展口岸国际合作,以推进口岸管理现代化进程。口岸管理现代化的兴起有着深刻的理论背景、组织动因、经济动因和技术动因。口岸管理现代化以整体性治理理念为指引;整合是整体性治理的本质内涵,通过治理主体协同化和治理过程数字化,实现口岸管理组织结构整合、口岸信息资源整合、口岸通关业务流程整合以及口岸公共服务供给整合。不同于仅仅注重改善海关业务的传统口岸管理改革,口岸管理现代化既重视海关现代化改革,也触及海关以外的领域,其范围更加广泛,以应用风险管理技术、加强口岸基础设施投资、口岸执法业务流程再造、口岸执法机构重组为主要实践路径,旨在推动口岸管理的合作化、协同化和一体化,实现“碎片化”的口岸管理向“整体性”的口岸治理的机制转型。Since the 1990 s,many countries have successively implemented the reform of domestic border management system and enforcement mechanism,and carried out international border cooperation to promote the process of border management modernization.The rise of border management modernization has profound theoretical,organizational,economic and technical motivations.Border management modernization is guided by the concept of holistic governance.Integration is the essence of holistic governance,which is intended to realize the integration of border management organization structure,border information resources,border clearance process and border public service supply,through the coordination among different governance actors and digitalization of governance means.In contrast to the traditional border management reform focusing on improving customs operations,border management modernization addresses both customs reform and areas well beyond customs–a significant broadening of scope.Through prioritizing the application of risk management technology,the strengthening of border infrastructure investment,reengineering of border enforcement process and reorganization of border agencies as the main practical pathways,it aims to promote the cooperation,coordination and integration of border management,and realize the institutional transformation from“fragmented”border management to“integrated”border governance.

关 键 词：口岸管理 口岸治理 口岸/国门安全 海关现代化改革 整体性治理 

分 类 号：F745[经济管理—国际贸易]